Wapp

#ifndef USE_SYSTEM_SQLITE
/******************************************************************************
** This file is an amalgamation of many separate C source files from SQLite
** version 3.50.0.  By combining all the individual C code files into this
** single large file, the entire code can be compiled as a single translation
** unit.  This allows many compilers to do optimizations that would not be
** possible if the files were compiled separately.  Performance improvements
** of 5% or more are commonly seen when SQLite is compiled as a single
** translation unit.
**
** This file is all you need to compile SQLite.  To use SQLite in other
** programs, you need this file and the "sqlite3.h" header file that defines
** the programming interface to the SQLite library.  (If you do not have
** the "sqlite3.h" header file at hand, you will find a copy embedded within
** the text of this file.  Search for "Begin file sqlite3.h" to find the start
** of the embedded sqlite3.h header file.) Additional code files may be needed
** if you want a wrapper to interface SQLite with your choice of programming
** language. The code for the "sqlite3" command-line shell is also in a
** separate file. This file contains only code for the core SQLite library.
**
** The content in this amalgamation comes from Fossil check-in
** 57caa3136d1bfca06e4f2285734a4977b8d3 with changes in files:
**
**    
*/
#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
#define SQLITE_CORE 1
#define SQLITE_AMALGAMATION 1
#ifndef SQLITE_PRIVATE

** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
**
** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
*/
#define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.50.0"
#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3050000
#define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2025-02-18 01:16:26 57caa3136d1bfca06e4f2285734a4977b8d3fa1f75bf87453b975867e9de38fc"

/*
** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
**
** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros

** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
** the default size of [lookaside memory] on each [database connection].
** The first argument is the
** size of each lookaside buffer slot ("sz") and the second is the number of
** slots allocated to each database connection ("cnt").)^
** ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size.
** The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE] option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can
** be used to change the lookaside configuration on individual connections.)^
** The [-DSQLITE_DEFAULT_LOOKASIDE] option can be used to change the
** default lookaside configuration at compile-time.
** </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
**

#define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE       29  /* sqlite3_int64 */
#define SQLITE_CONFIG_ROWID_IN_VIEW       30  /* int* */

/*
** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
**
** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
** can be passed as the second parameter to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
**
** The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface is a var-args functions.  It takes a
** variable number of parameters, though always at least two.  The number of
** parameters passed into sqlite3_db_config() depends on which of these
** constants is given as the second parameter.  This documentation page
** refers to parameters beyond the second as "arguments".  Thus, when this
** page says "the N-th argument" it means "the N-th parameter past the
** configuration option" or "the (N+2)-th parameter to sqlite3_db_config()".
**
** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
** is invoked.
**
** <dl>
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]]
** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
** <dd> The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE option is used to adjust the
** configuration of the [lookaside memory allocator] within a database
** connection.
** The arguments to the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE option are <i>not</i>
** in the [DBCONFIG arguments|usual format].
** The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes three arguments, not two,
** so that a call to [sqlite3_db_config()] that uses SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE
** should have a total of five parameters.
** <ol>
** <li><p>The first argument ("buf") is a
** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.

** The first argument may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()].
** <li><P>The second argument ("sz") is the
** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  Lookaside is disabled if "sz"
** is less than 8.  The "sz" argument should be a multiple of 8 less than
** 65536.  If "sz" does not meet this constraint, it is reduced in size until
** it does.
** <li><p>The third argument ("cnt") is the number of slots. Lookaside is disabled
** if "cnt"is less than 1.  The "cnt" value will be reduced, if necessary, so
** that the product of "sz" and "cnt" does not exceed 2,147,418,112.  The "cnt"
** parameter is usually chosen so that the product of "sz" and "cnt" is less
** than 1,000,000.
** </ol>
** <p>If the "buf" argument is not NULL, then it must
** point to a memory buffer with a size that is greater than
** or equal to the product of "sz" and "cnt".
** The buffer must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.

** The lookaside memory
** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words

** when the value returned by [SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED] is zero.
** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
** [SQLITE_BUSY].
** If the "buf" argument is NULL and an attempt
** to allocate memory based on "sz" and "cnt" fails, then
** lookaside is silently disabled.
** <p>
** The [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE] configuration option can be used to set the
** default lookaside configuration at initialization.  The
** [-DSQLITE_DEFAULT_LOOKASIDE] option can be used to set the default lookaside
** configuration at compile-time.  Typical values for lookaside are 1200 for
** "sz" and 40 to 100 for "cnt".
** </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY]]
** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
** [foreign key constraints].  This is the same setting that is
** enabled or disabled by the [PRAGMA foreign_keys] statement.
** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,

** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
** </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
** schema.  This option does not follow the
** [DBCONFIG arguments|usual SQLITE_DBCONFIG argument format].
** This option takes exactly one additional argument so that the
** [sqlite3_db_config()] call has a total of three parameters.  The
** extra argument must be a pointer to a constant UTF8 string which
** will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite does
** not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
** must ensure that the argument passed into SQLITE_DBCONFIG MAINDBNAME
** is unchanged until after the database connection closes.
** </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]]
** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
** <dd> Usually, when a database in [WAL mode] is closed or detached from a
** database handle, SQLite checks if if there are other connections to the
** same database, and if there are no other database connection (if the
** connection being closed is the last open connection to the database),
** then SQLite performs a [checkpoint] before closing the connection and
** deletes the WAL file.  The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE option can
** be used to override that behavior. The first argument passed to this
** operation (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()]) is an integer
** which is positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the default)
** to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
** The second argument (the fourth parameter) is a pointer to an integer
** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
** </dd>
**
** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt>
** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates
** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG).  When the QPSG is active,

** comments are allowed in SQL text after processing the first argument.
** </dd>
**
** </dl>
**
** [[DBCONFIG arguments]] <h3>Arguments To SQLITE_DBCONFIG Options</h3>
**
** <p>Most of the SQLITE_DBCONFIG options take two arguments, so that the
** overall call to [sqlite3_db_config()] has a total of four parameters.
** The first argument (the third parameter to sqlite3_db_config()) is a integer.
** The second argument is a pointer to an integer.  If the first argument is 1,
** then the option becomes enabled.  If the first integer argument is 0, then the
** option is disabled.  If the first argument is -1, then the option setting
** is unchanged.  The second argument, the pointer to an integer, may be NULL.
** If the second argument is not NULL, then a value of 0 or 1 is written into
** the integer to which the second argument points, depending on whether the
** setting is disabled or enabled after applying any changes specified by
** the first argument.
**

  void *pA,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset A */
  int nB,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pB */
  void *pB,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset B */
  int *pnOut,                     /* OUT: Number of bytes in output changeset */
  void **ppOut                    /* OUT: Buffer containing output changeset */
);














/*
** CAPI3REF: Changegroup Handle
**
** A changegroup is an object used to combine two or more
** [changesets] or [patchsets]
*/
typedef struct sqlite3_changegroup sqlite3_changegroup;

** Again, this structure is intended to be opaque, but it can't really
** be opaque because it is used by macros.
*/
struct HashElem {
  HashElem *next, *prev;       /* Next and previous elements in the table */
  void *data;                  /* Data associated with this element */
  const char *pKey;            /* Key associated with this element */
  unsigned int h;              /* hash for pKey */
};

/*
** Access routines.  To delete, insert a NULL pointer.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3HashInit(Hash*);
SQLITE_PRIVATE void *sqlite3HashInsert(Hash*, const char *pKey, void *pData);

typedef sqlite_uint64 u64;         /* 8-byte unsigned integer */
typedef UINT32_TYPE u32;           /* 4-byte unsigned integer */
typedef UINT16_TYPE u16;           /* 2-byte unsigned integer */
typedef INT16_TYPE i16;            /* 2-byte signed integer */
typedef UINT8_TYPE u8;             /* 1-byte unsigned integer */
typedef INT8_TYPE i8;              /* 1-byte signed integer */

/* A bitfield type for use inside of structures.  Always follow with :N where
** N is the number of bits.
*/
typedef unsigned bft;  /* Bit Field Type */

/*
** SQLITE_MAX_U32 is a u64 constant that is the maximum u64 value
** that can be stored in a u32 without loss of data.  The value
** is 0x00000000ffffffff.  But because of quirks of some compilers, we
** have to specify the value in the less intuitive manner shown:
*/
#define SQLITE_MAX_U32  ((((u64)1)<<32)-1)

** These macros are designed to work correctly on both 32-bit and 64-bit
** compilers.
*/
#define LARGEST_INT64  (0xffffffff|(((i64)0x7fffffff)<<32))
#define LARGEST_UINT64 (0xffffffff|(((u64)0xffffffff)<<32))
#define SMALLEST_INT64 (((i64)-1) - LARGEST_INT64)

/*
** Macro SMXV(n) return the maximum value that can be held in variable n,
** assuming n is a signed integer type.  UMXV(n) is similar for unsigned
** integer types.
*/
#define SMXV(n) ((((i64)1)<<(sizeof(n)-1))-1)
#define UMXV(n) ((((i64)1)<<(sizeof(n)))-1)

/*
** Round up a number to the next larger multiple of 8.  This is used
** to force 8-byte alignment on 64-bit architectures.
**
** ROUND8() always does the rounding, for any argument.
**
** ROUND8P() assumes that the argument is already an integer number of

      int nArg;            /* Number of arguments to the module */
      char **azArg;        /* 0: module 1: schema 2: vtab name 3...: args */
      VTable *p;           /* List of VTable objects. */
    } vtab;
  } u;
  Trigger *pTrigger;   /* List of triggers on this object */
  Schema *pSchema;     /* Schema that contains this table */
  u8 aHx[16];          /* Column aHt[K%sizeof(aHt)] might have hash K */
};

/*
** Allowed values for Table.tabFlags.
**
** TF_OOOHidden applies to tables or view that have hidden columns that are
** followed by non-hidden columns.  Example:  "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE x USING

** list.
*/
struct Parse {
  sqlite3 *db;         /* The main database structure */
  char *zErrMsg;       /* An error message */
  Vdbe *pVdbe;         /* An engine for executing database bytecode */
  int rc;              /* Return code from execution */
  LogEst nQueryLoop;   /* Est number of iterations of a query (10*log2(N)) */

  u8 nested;           /* Number of nested calls to the parser/code generator */
  u8 nTempReg;         /* Number of temporary registers in aTempReg[] */
  u8 isMultiWrite;     /* True if statement may modify/insert multiple rows */
  u8 mayAbort;         /* True if statement may throw an ABORT exception */
  u8 hasCompound;      /* Need to invoke convertCompoundSelectToSubquery() */

  u8 disableLookaside; /* Number of times lookaside has been disabled */
  u8 prepFlags;        /* SQLITE_PREPARE_* flags */
  u8 withinRJSubrtn;   /* Nesting level for RIGHT JOIN body subroutines */

  u8 mSubrtnSig;       /* mini Bloom filter on available SubrtnSig.selId */
  u8 eTriggerOp;       /* TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT or TK_DELETE */
  u8 bReturning;       /* Coding a RETURNING trigger */
  u8 eOrconf;          /* Default ON CONFLICT policy for trigger steps */
  u8 disableTriggers;  /* True to disable triggers */
#if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST)
  u8 earlyCleanup;     /* OOM inside sqlite3ParserAddCleanup() */
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  u8 ifNotExists;      /* Might be true if IF NOT EXISTS.  Assert()s only */
  u8 isCreate;         /* CREATE TABLE, INDEX, or VIEW (but not TRIGGER)
                       ** and ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN. */
#endif
  bft colNamesSet :1;   /* TRUE after OP_ColumnName has been issued to pVdbe */
  bft bHasWith :1;      /* True if statement contains WITH */
  bft okConstFactor :1; /* OK to factor out constants */
  bft checkSchema :1;   /* Causes schema cookie check after an error */
  int nRangeReg;       /* Size of the temporary register block */
  int iRangeReg;       /* First register in temporary register block */
  int nErr;            /* Number of errors seen */
  int nTab;            /* Number of previously allocated VDBE cursors */
  int nMem;            /* Number of memory cells used so far */
  int szOpAlloc;       /* Bytes of memory space allocated for Vdbe.aOp[] */
  int iSelfTab;        /* Table associated with an index on expr, or negative
                       ** of the base register during check-constraint eval */
  int nLabel;          /* The *negative* of the number of labels used */
  int nLabelAlloc;     /* Number of slots in aLabel */
  int *aLabel;         /* Space to hold the labels */
  ExprList *pConstExpr;/* Constant expressions */
  IndexedExpr *pIdxEpr;/* List of expressions used by active indexes */
  IndexedExpr *pIdxPartExpr; /* Exprs constrained by index WHERE clauses */

  yDbMask writeMask;   /* Start a write transaction on these databases */
  yDbMask cookieMask;  /* Bitmask of schema verified databases */


  int nMaxArg;         /* Max args to xUpdate and xFilter vtab methods */
  int nSelect;         /* Number of SELECT stmts. Counter for Select.selId */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
  u32 nProgressSteps;  /* xProgress steps taken during sqlite3_prepare() */
#endif
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
  int nTableLock;        /* Number of locks in aTableLock */
  TableLock *aTableLock; /* Required table locks for shared-cache mode */
#endif
  AutoincInfo *pAinc;  /* Information about AUTOINCREMENT counters */
  Parse *pToplevel;    /* Parse structure for main program (or NULL) */
  Table *pTriggerTab;  /* Table triggers are being coded for */
  TriggerPrg *pTriggerPrg;  /* Linked list of coded triggers */
  ParseCleanup *pCleanup;   /* List of cleanup operations to run after parse */












  /**************************************************************************
  ** Fields above must be initialized to zero.  The fields that follow,
  ** down to the beginning of the recursive section, do not need to be
  ** initialized as they will be set before being used.  The boundary is
  ** determined by offsetof(Parse,aTempReg).
  **************************************************************************/

  int aTempReg[8];        /* Holding area for temporary registers */
  Parse *pOuterParse;     /* Outer Parse object when nested */
  Token sNameToken;       /* Token with unqualified schema object name */
  u32 oldmask;            /* Mask of old.* columns referenced */
  u32 newmask;            /* Mask of new.* columns referenced */
  union {
    struct {  /* These fields available when isCreate is true */
      int addrCrTab;        /* Address of OP_CreateBtree on CREATE TABLE */
      int regRowid;         /* Register holding rowid of CREATE TABLE entry */
      int regRoot;          /* Register holding root page for new objects */
      Token constraintName; /* Name of the constraint currently being parsed */
    } cr;
    struct {  /* These fields available to all other statements */
      Returning *pReturning; /* The RETURNING clause */
    } d;
  } u1;

  /************************************************************************
  ** Above is constant between recursions.  Below is reset before and after
  ** each recursion.  The boundary between these two regions is determined
  ** using offsetof(Parse,sLastToken) so the sLastToken field must be the
  ** first field in the recursive region.
  ************************************************************************/

  Token sLastToken;       /* The last token parsed */
  ynVar nVar;               /* Number of '?' variables seen in the SQL so far */
  u8 iPkSortOrder;          /* ASC or DESC for INTEGER PRIMARY KEY */
  u8 explain;               /* True if the EXPLAIN flag is found on the query */
  u8 eParseMode;            /* PARSE_MODE_XXX constant */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
  int nVtabLock;            /* Number of virtual tables to lock */
#endif
  int nHeight;              /* Expression tree height of current sub-select */

  int addrExplain;          /* Address of current OP_Explain opcode */

  VList *pVList;            /* Mapping between variable names and numbers */
  Vdbe *pReprepare;         /* VM being reprepared (sqlite3Reprepare()) */
  const char *zTail;        /* All SQL text past the last semicolon parsed */
  Table *pNewTable;         /* A table being constructed by CREATE TABLE */
  Index *pNewIndex;         /* An index being constructed by CREATE INDEX.
                            ** Also used to hold redundant UNIQUE constraints
                            ** during a RENAME COLUMN */

  int isError;            /* Error code returned by the function. */
  u8 enc;                 /* Encoding to use for results */
  u8 skipFlag;            /* Skip accumulator loading if true */
  u16 argc;               /* Number of arguments */
  sqlite3_value *argv[1]; /* Argument set */
};






/* The ScanStatus object holds a single value for the
** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() interface.
**
** aAddrRange[]:
**   This array is used by ScanStatus elements associated with EQP
**   notes that make an SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE value available. It is

  i64 nChange;            /* Number of db changes made since last reset */
  int iStatement;         /* Statement number (or 0 if has no opened stmt) */
  i64 iCurrentTime;       /* Value of julianday('now') for this statement */
  i64 nFkConstraint;      /* Number of imm. FK constraints this VM */
  i64 nStmtDefCons;       /* Number of def. constraints when stmt started */
  i64 nStmtDefImmCons;    /* Number of def. imm constraints when stmt started */
  Mem *aMem;              /* The memory locations */
  Mem **apArg;            /* Arguments xUpdate and xFilter vtab methods */
  VdbeCursor **apCsr;     /* One element of this array for each open cursor */
  Mem *aVar;              /* Values for the OP_Variable opcode. */

  /* When allocating a new Vdbe object, all of the fields below should be
  ** initialized to zero or NULL */

  Op *aOp;                /* Space to hold the virtual machine's program */
  int nOp;                /* Number of instructions in the program */
  int nOpAlloc;           /* Slots allocated for aOp[] */
  Mem *aColName;          /* Column names to return */
  Mem *pResultRow;        /* Current output row */
  char *zErrMsg;          /* Error message written here */
  VList *pVList;          /* Name of variables */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
  i64 startTime;          /* Time when query started - used for profiling */
#endif
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  int rcApp;              /* errcode set by sqlite3_result_error_code() */
  u32 nWrite;             /* Number of write operations that have occurred */
  int napArg;             /* Size of the apArg[] array */
#endif
  u16 nResColumn;         /* Number of columns in one row of the result set */
  u16 nResAlloc;          /* Column slots allocated to aColName[] */
  u8 errorAction;         /* Recovery action to do in case of an error */
  u8 minWriteFileFormat;  /* Minimum file format for writable database files */
  u8 prepFlags;           /* SQLITE_PREPARE_* flags */
  u8 eVdbeState;          /* On of the VDBE_*_STATE values */

** Finish off a string by making sure it is zero-terminated.
** Return a pointer to the resulting string.  Return a NULL
** pointer if any kind of error was encountered.
*/
static SQLITE_NOINLINE char *strAccumFinishRealloc(StrAccum *p){
  char *zText;
  assert( p->mxAlloc>0 && !isMalloced(p) );
  zText = sqlite3DbMallocRaw(p->db, 1+(u64)p->nChar );
  if( zText ){
    memcpy(zText, p->zText, p->nChar+1);
    p->printfFlags |= SQLITE_PRINTF_MALLOCED;
  }else{
    sqlite3StrAccumSetError(p, SQLITE_NOMEM);
  }
  p->zText = zText;

          j--;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  p->z = &p->zBuf[i+1];
  assert( i+p->n < sizeof(p->zBuf) );
  assert( p->n>0 );
  while( p->z[p->n-1]=='0' ){
    p->n--;
    assert( p->n>0 );
  }
}

/*
** Try to convert z into an unsigned 32-bit integer.  Return true on
** success and false if there is an error.
**
** Only decimal notation is accepted.

}

/*
** The hashing function.
*/
static unsigned int strHash(const char *z){
  unsigned int h = 0;

  while( z[0] ){     /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE*/
    /* Knuth multiplicative hashing.  (Sorting & Searching, p. 510).
    ** 0x9e3779b1 is 2654435761 which is the closest prime number to
    ** (2**32)*golden_ratio, where golden_ratio = (sqrt(5) - 1)/2.
    **
    ** Only bits 0xdf for ASCII and bits 0xbf for EBCDIC each octet are
    ** hashed since the omitted bits determine the upper/lower case difference.
    */
#ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
    h += 0xbf & (unsigned char)*(z++);
#else
    h += 0xdf & (unsigned char)*(z++);
#endif
    h *= 0x9e3779b1;
  }
  return h;
}


/* Link pNew element into the hash table pH.  If pEntry!=0 then also

  if( new_ht==0 ) return 0;
  sqlite3_free(pH->ht);
  pH->ht = new_ht;
  pH->htsize = new_size = sqlite3MallocSize(new_ht)/sizeof(struct _ht);
  memset(new_ht, 0, new_size*sizeof(struct _ht));
  for(elem=pH->first, pH->first=0; elem; elem = next_elem){

    next_elem = elem->next;
    insertElement(pH, &new_ht[elem->h % new_size], elem);
  }
  return 1;
}

/* This function (for internal use only) locates an element in an
** hash table that matches the given key.  If no element is found,
** a pointer to a static null element with HashElem.data==0 is returned.
** If pH is not NULL, then the hash for this key is written to *pH.
*/
static HashElem *findElementWithHash(
  const Hash *pH,     /* The pH to be searched */
  const char *pKey,   /* The key we are searching for */
  unsigned int *pHash /* Write the hash value here */
){
  HashElem *elem;                /* Used to loop thru the element list */
  unsigned int count;            /* Number of elements left to test */
  unsigned int h;                /* The computed hash */
  static HashElem nullElement = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };

  h = strHash(pKey);
  if( pH->ht ){   /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-TRUE*/
    struct _ht *pEntry;

    pEntry = &pH->ht[h % pH->htsize];
    elem = pEntry->chain;
    count = pEntry->count;
  }else{

    elem = pH->first;
    count = pH->count;
  }
  if( pHash ) *pHash = h;
  while( count ){
    assert( elem!=0 );
    if( h==elem->h && sqlite3StrICmp(elem->pKey,pKey)==0 ){
      return elem;
    }
    elem = elem->next;
    count--;
  }
  return &nullElement;
}

/* Remove a single entry from the hash table given a pointer to that
** element and a hash on the element's key.
*/
static void removeElement(
  Hash *pH,         /* The pH containing "elem" */
  HashElem *elem    /* The element to be removed from the pH */

){
  struct _ht *pEntry;
  if( elem->prev ){
    elem->prev->next = elem->next;
  }else{
    pH->first = elem->next;
  }
  if( elem->next ){
    elem->next->prev = elem->prev;
  }
  if( pH->ht ){
    pEntry = &pH->ht[elem->h % pH->htsize];
    if( pEntry->chain==elem ){
      pEntry->chain = elem->next;
    }
    assert( pEntry->count>0 );
    pEntry->count--;
  }
  sqlite3_free( elem );

  assert( pH!=0 );
  assert( pKey!=0 );
  elem = findElementWithHash(pH,pKey,&h);
  if( elem->data ){
    void *old_data = elem->data;
    if( data==0 ){
      removeElement(pH,elem);
    }else{
      elem->data = data;
      elem->pKey = pKey;
    }
    return old_data;
  }
  if( data==0 ) return 0;
  new_elem = (HashElem*)sqlite3Malloc( sizeof(HashElem) );
  if( new_elem==0 ) return data;
  new_elem->pKey = pKey;
  new_elem->h = h;
  new_elem->data = data;
  pH->count++;
  if( pH->count>=5 && pH->count > 2*pH->htsize ){
    rehash(pH, pH->count*3);


  }

  insertElement(pH, pH->ht ? &pH->ht[new_elem->h % pH->htsize] : 0, new_elem);
  return 0;
}

/************** End of hash.c ************************************************/
/************** Begin file opcodes.c *****************************************/
/* Automatically generated.  Do not edit */
/* See the tool/mkopcodec.tcl script for details. */

  /* Allocate space for the new sqlite3_shm object.  Also speculatively
  ** allocate space for a new winShmNode and filename.
  */
  p = sqlite3MallocZero( sizeof(*p) );
  if( p==0 ) return SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT;
  nName = sqlite3Strlen30(pDbFd->zPath);
  pNew = sqlite3MallocZero( sizeof(*pShmNode) + (i64)nName + 17 );
  if( pNew==0 ){
    sqlite3_free(p);
    return SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT;
  }
  pNew->zFilename = (char*)&pNew[1];
  sqlite3_snprintf(nName+15, pNew->zFilename, "%s-shm", pDbFd->zPath);
  sqlite3FileSuffix3(pDbFd->zPath, pNew->zFilename);

  static char zChars[] =
    "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
    "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
    "0123456789";
  size_t i, j;
  DWORD pid;
  int nPre = sqlite3Strlen30(SQLITE_TEMP_FILE_PREFIX);
  i64 nMax, nBuf, nDir, nLen;
  char *zBuf;

  /* It's odd to simulate an io-error here, but really this is just
  ** using the io-error infrastructure to test that SQLite handles this
  ** function failing.
  */
  SimulateIOError( return SQLITE_IOERR );

  /* Allocate a temporary buffer to store the fully qualified file
  ** name for the temporary file.  If this fails, we cannot continue.
  */
  nMax = pVfs->mxPathname;
  nBuf = 2 + (i64)nMax;
  zBuf = sqlite3MallocZero( nBuf );
  if( !zBuf ){
    OSTRACE(("TEMP-FILENAME rc=SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM\n"));
    return SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT;
  }

  /* Figure out the effective temporary directory.  First, check if one

  if ( sqlite3_data_directory && !winIsVerbatimPathname(zRelative) ){
    /*
    ** NOTE: We are dealing with a relative path name and the data
    **       directory has been set.  Therefore, use it as the basis
    **       for converting the relative path name to an absolute
    **       one by prepending the data directory and a slash.
    */
    char *zOut = sqlite3MallocZero( 1+(u64)pVfs->mxPathname );
    if( !zOut ){
      return SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT;
    }
    if( cygwin_conv_path(
            (osIsNT() ? CCP_POSIX_TO_WIN_W : CCP_POSIX_TO_WIN_A) |
            CCP_RELATIVE, zRelative, zOut, pVfs->mxPathname+1)<0 ){
      sqlite3_free(zOut);

    LPWSTR zTemp;
    nByte = osGetFullPathNameW((LPCWSTR)zConverted, 0, 0, 0);
    if( nByte==0 ){
      sqlite3_free(zConverted);
      return winLogError(SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH, osGetLastError(),
                         "winFullPathname1", zRelative);
    }

    zTemp = sqlite3MallocZero( nByte*sizeof(zTemp[0]) + 3*sizeof(zTemp[0]) );
    if( zTemp==0 ){
      sqlite3_free(zConverted);
      return SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT;
    }
    nByte = osGetFullPathNameW((LPCWSTR)zConverted, nByte+3, zTemp, 0);
    if( nByte==0 ){
      sqlite3_free(zConverted);
      sqlite3_free(zTemp);
      return winLogError(SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH, osGetLastError(),
                         "winFullPathname2", zRelative);
    }
    sqlite3_free(zConverted);
    zOut = winUnicodeToUtf8(zTemp);
    sqlite3_free(zTemp);
  }
#ifdef SQLITE_WIN32_HAS_ANSI
  else{
    char *zTemp;
    nByte = osGetFullPathNameA((char*)zConverted, 0, 0, 0);
    if( nByte==0 ){
      sqlite3_free(zConverted);
      return winLogError(SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH, osGetLastError(),
                         "winFullPathname3", zRelative);
    }

    zTemp = sqlite3MallocZero( nByte*sizeof(zTemp[0]) + 3*sizeof(zTemp[0]) );
    if( zTemp==0 ){
      sqlite3_free(zConverted);
      return SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM_BKPT;
    }
    nByte = osGetFullPathNameA((char*)zConverted, nByte+3, zTemp, 0);
    if( nByte==0 ){
      sqlite3_free(zConverted);
      sqlite3_free(zTemp);
      return winLogError(SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH, osGetLastError(),
                         "winFullPathname4", zRelative);
    }
    sqlite3_free(zConverted);

      if( strcmp(memdb_g.apMemStore[i]->zFName,zName)==0 ){
        p = memdb_g.apMemStore[i];
        break;
      }
    }
    if( p==0 ){
      MemStore **apNew;
      p = sqlite3Malloc( sizeof(*p) + (i64)szName + 3 );
      if( p==0 ){
        sqlite3_mutex_leave(pVfsMutex);
        return SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }
      apNew = sqlite3Realloc(memdb_g.apMemStore,
                             sizeof(apNew[0])*(1+(i64)memdb_g.nMemStore) );
      if( apNew==0 ){
        sqlite3_free(p);
        sqlite3_mutex_leave(pVfsMutex);
        return SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }
      apNew[memdb_g.nMemStore++] = p;
      memdb_g.apMemStore = apNew;

  int rc = -1;
  int i, nx, pc, op;
  void *pTmpSpace;

  /* Allocate the Bitvec to be tested and a linear array of
  ** bits to act as the reference */
  pBitvec = sqlite3BitvecCreate( sz );
  pV = sqlite3MallocZero( (7+(i64)sz)/8 + 1 );
  pTmpSpace = sqlite3_malloc64(BITVEC_SZ);
  if( pBitvec==0 || pV==0 || pTmpSpace==0  ) goto bitvec_end;

  /* NULL pBitvec tests */
  sqlite3BitvecSet(0, 1);
  sqlite3BitvecClear(0, 1, pTmpSpace);

** This function is used to resize the hash table used by the cache passed
** as the first argument.
**
** The PCache mutex must be held when this function is called.
*/
static void pcache1ResizeHash(PCache1 *p){
  PgHdr1 **apNew;
  u64 nNew;
  u32 i;

  assert( sqlite3_mutex_held(p->pGroup->mutex) );

  nNew = 2*(u64)p->nHash;
  if( nNew<256 ){
    nNew = 256;
  }

  pcache1LeaveMutex(p->pGroup);
  if( p->nHash ){ sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc(); }
  apNew = (PgHdr1 **)sqlite3MallocZero(sizeof(PgHdr1 *)*nNew);

** Implementation of the sqlite3_pcache.xCreate method.
**
** Allocate a new cache.
*/
static sqlite3_pcache *pcache1Create(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable){
  PCache1 *pCache;      /* The newly created page cache */
  PGroup *pGroup;       /* The group the new page cache will belong to */
  i64 sz;               /* Bytes of memory required to allocate the new cache */

  assert( (szPage & (szPage-1))==0 && szPage>=512 && szPage<=65536 );
  assert( szExtra < 300 );

  sz = sizeof(PCache1) + sizeof(PGroup)*pcache1.separateCache;
  pCache = (PCache1 *)sqlite3MallocZero(sz);
  if( pCache ){

**
** If it is determined that no super-journal file name is present
** zSuper[0] is set to 0 and SQLITE_OK returned.
**
** If an error occurs while reading from the journal file, an SQLite
** error code is returned.
*/
static int readSuperJournal(sqlite3_file *pJrnl, char *zSuper, u64 nSuper){
  int rc;                    /* Return code */
  u32 len;                   /* Length in bytes of super-journal name */
  i64 szJ;                   /* Total size in bytes of journal file pJrnl */
  u32 cksum;                 /* MJ checksum value read from journal */
  u32 u;                     /* Unsigned loop counter */
  unsigned char aMagic[8];   /* A buffer to hold the magic header */
  zSuper[0] = '\0';

  sqlite3_file *pSuper;     /* Malloc'd super-journal file descriptor */
  sqlite3_file *pJournal;   /* Malloc'd child-journal file descriptor */
  char *zSuperJournal = 0;  /* Contents of super-journal file */
  i64 nSuperJournal;        /* Size of super-journal file */
  char *zJournal;           /* Pointer to one journal within MJ file */
  char *zSuperPtr;          /* Space to hold super-journal filename */
  char *zFree = 0;          /* Free this buffer */
  i64 nSuperPtr;            /* Amount of space allocated to zSuperPtr[] */

  /* Allocate space for both the pJournal and pSuper file descriptors.
  ** If successful, open the super-journal file for reading.
  */
  pSuper = (sqlite3_file *)sqlite3MallocZero(2 * (i64)pVfs->szOsFile);
  if( !pSuper ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
    pJournal = 0;
  }else{
    const int flags = (SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY|SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL);
    rc = sqlite3OsOpen(pVfs, zSuper, pSuper, flags, 0);
    pJournal = (sqlite3_file *)(((u8 *)pSuper) + pVfs->szOsFile);
  }
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto delsuper_out;

  /* Load the entire super-journal file into space obtained from
  ** sqlite3_malloc() and pointed to by zSuperJournal.   Also obtain
  ** sufficient space (in zSuperPtr) to hold the names of super-journal
  ** files extracted from regular rollback-journals.
  */
  rc = sqlite3OsFileSize(pSuper, &nSuperJournal);
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto delsuper_out;
  nSuperPtr = 1 + (i64)pVfs->mxPathname;
  assert( nSuperJournal>=0 && nSuperPtr>0 );
  zFree = sqlite3Malloc(4 + nSuperJournal + nSuperPtr + 2);
  if( !zFree ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
    goto delsuper_out;
  }else{
    assert( nSuperJournal<=0x7fffffff );
  }
  zFree[0] = zFree[1] = zFree[2] = zFree[3] = 0;
  zSuperJournal = &zFree[4];
  zSuperPtr = &zSuperJournal[nSuperJournal+2];
  rc = sqlite3OsRead(pSuper, zSuperJournal, (int)nSuperJournal, 0);
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto delsuper_out;
  zSuperJournal[nSuperJournal] = 0;

  ** TODO: Technically the following is an error because it assumes that
  ** buffer Pager.pTmpSpace is (mxPathname+1) bytes or larger. i.e. that
  ** (pPager->pageSize >= pPager->pVfs->mxPathname+1). Using os_unix.c,
  ** mxPathname is 512, which is the same as the minimum allowable value
  ** for pageSize.
  */
  zSuper = pPager->pTmpSpace;
  rc = readSuperJournal(pPager->jfd, zSuper, 1+(i64)pPager->pVfs->mxPathname);
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK && zSuper[0] ){
    rc = sqlite3OsAccess(pVfs, zSuper, SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, &res);
  }
  zSuper = 0;
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK || !res ){
    goto end_playback;
  }

  if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
    /* Leave 4 bytes of space before the super-journal filename in memory.
    ** This is because it may end up being passed to sqlite3OsOpen(), in
    ** which case it requires 4 0x00 bytes in memory immediately before
    ** the filename. */
    zSuper = &pPager->pTmpSpace[4];
    rc = readSuperJournal(pPager->jfd, zSuper, 1+(i64)pPager->pVfs->mxPathname);
    testcase( rc!=SQLITE_OK );
  }
  if( rc==SQLITE_OK
   && (pPager->eState>=PAGER_WRITER_DBMOD || pPager->eState==PAGER_OPEN)
  ){
    rc = sqlite3PagerSync(pPager, 0);
  }

  char *zPathname = 0;     /* Full path to database file */
  int nPathname = 0;       /* Number of bytes in zPathname */
  int useJournal = (flags & PAGER_OMIT_JOURNAL)==0; /* False to omit journal */
  int pcacheSize = sqlite3PcacheSize();       /* Bytes to allocate for PCache */
  u32 szPageDflt = SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE;  /* Default page size */
  const char *zUri = 0;    /* URI args to copy */
  int nUriByte = 1;        /* Number of bytes of URI args at *zUri */


  /* Figure out how much space is required for each journal file-handle
  ** (there are two of them, the main journal and the sub-journal).  */
  journalFileSize = ROUND8(sqlite3JournalSize(pVfs));

  /* Set the output variable to NULL in case an error occurs. */
  *ppPager = 0;

  /* Compute and store the full pathname in an allocated buffer pointed
  ** to by zPathname, length nPathname. Or, if this is a temporary file,
  ** leave both nPathname and zPathname set to 0.
  */
  if( zFilename && zFilename[0] ){
    const char *z;
    nPathname = pVfs->mxPathname + 1;
    zPathname = sqlite3DbMallocRaw(0, 2*(i64)nPathname);
    if( zPathname==0 ){
      return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
    }
    zPathname[0] = 0; /* Make sure initialized even if FullPathname() fails */
    rc = sqlite3OsFullPathname(pVfs, zFilename, nPathname, zPathname);
    if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK_SYMLINK ){

  ** changes here, be sure to change it there as well.
  */
  assert( SQLITE_PTRSIZE==sizeof(Pager*) );
  pPtr = (u8 *)sqlite3MallocZero(
    ROUND8(sizeof(*pPager)) +            /* Pager structure */
    ROUND8(pcacheSize) +                 /* PCache object */
    ROUND8(pVfs->szOsFile) +             /* The main db file */
    (u64)journalFileSize * 2 +           /* The two journal files */
    SQLITE_PTRSIZE +                     /* Space to hold a pointer */
    4 +                                  /* Database prefix */
    (u64)nPathname + 1 +                 /* database filename */
    (u64)nUriByte +                      /* query parameters */
    (u64)nPathname + 8 + 1 +             /* Journal filename */
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_WAL
    (u64)nPathname + 4 + 1 +             /* WAL filename */
#endif
    3                                    /* Terminator */
  );
  assert( EIGHT_BYTE_ALIGNMENT(SQLITE_INT_TO_PTR(journalFileSize)) );
  if( !pPtr ){
    sqlite3DbFree(0, zPathname);
    return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;

  int iPage,               /* The page we seek */
  volatile u32 **ppPage    /* Write the page pointer here */
){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;

  /* Enlarge the pWal->apWiData[] array if required */
  if( pWal->nWiData<=iPage ){
    sqlite3_int64 nByte = sizeof(u32*)*(1+(i64)iPage);
    volatile u32 **apNew;
    apNew = (volatile u32 **)sqlite3Realloc((void *)pWal->apWiData, nByte);
    if( !apNew ){
      *ppPage = 0;
      return SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
    }
    memset((void*)&apNew[pWal->nWiData], 0,

    ** that the current key is corrupt. In that case, it is possible that
    ** the sqlite3VdbeRecordUnpack() function may overread the buffer by
    ** up to the size of 1 varint plus 1 8-byte value when the cursor
    ** position is restored. Hence the 17 bytes of padding allocated
    ** below. */
    void *pKey;
    pCur->nKey = sqlite3BtreePayloadSize(pCur);
    pKey = sqlite3Malloc( ((i64)pCur->nKey) + 9 + 8 );
    if( pKey ){
      rc = sqlite3BtreePayload(pCur, 0, (int)pCur->nKey, pKey);
      if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        memset(((u8*)pKey)+pCur->nKey, 0, 9+8);
        pCur->pKey = pKey;
      }else{
        sqlite3_free(pKey);

        testcase( nCell==0 );  /* Invalid key size:  0x80 0x80 0x00 */
        testcase( nCell==1 );  /* Invalid key size:  0x80 0x80 0x01 */
        testcase( nCell==2 );  /* Minimum legal index key size */
        if( nCell<2 || nCell/pCur->pBt->usableSize>pCur->pBt->nPage ){
          rc = SQLITE_CORRUPT_PAGE(pPage);
          goto moveto_index_finish;
        }
        pCellKey = sqlite3Malloc( (u64)nCell+(u64)nOverrun );
        if( pCellKey==0 ){
          rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;
          goto moveto_index_finish;
        }
        pCur->ix = (u16)idx;
        rc = accessPayload(pCur, 0, nCell, (unsigned char*)pCellKey, 0);
        memset(((u8*)pCellKey)+nCell,0,nOverrun); /* Fix uninit warnings */

** Just before the shared-btree is closed, the function passed as the
** xFree argument when the memory allocation was made is invoked on the
** blob of allocated memory. The xFree function should not call sqlite3_free()
** on the memory, the btree layer does that.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void *sqlite3BtreeSchema(Btree *p, int nBytes, void(*xFree)(void *)){
  BtShared *pBt = p->pBt;
  assert( nBytes==0 || nBytes==sizeof(Schema) );
  sqlite3BtreeEnter(p);
  if( !pBt->pSchema && nBytes ){
    pBt->pSchema = sqlite3DbMallocZero(0, nBytes);
    pBt->xFreeSchema = xFree;
  }
  sqlite3BtreeLeave(p);
  return pBt->pSchema;

*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3VdbeMemZeroTerminateIfAble(Mem *pMem){
  if( (pMem->flags & (MEM_Str|MEM_Term|MEM_Ephem|MEM_Static))!=MEM_Str ){
    /* pMem must be a string, and it cannot be an ephemeral or static string */
    return;
  }
  if( pMem->enc!=SQLITE_UTF8 ) return;
  assert( pMem->z!=0 );
  if( pMem->flags & MEM_Dyn ){
    if( pMem->xDel==sqlite3_free
     && sqlite3_msize(pMem->z) >= (u64)(pMem->n+1)
    ){
      pMem->z[pMem->n] = 0;
      pMem->flags |= MEM_Term;
      return;

static sqlite3_value *valueNew(sqlite3 *db, struct ValueNewStat4Ctx *p){
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
  if( p ){
    UnpackedRecord *pRec = p->ppRec[0];

    if( pRec==0 ){
      Index *pIdx = p->pIdx;      /* Index being probed */
      i64 nByte;                  /* Bytes of space to allocate */
      int i;                      /* Counter variable */
      int nCol = pIdx->nColumn;   /* Number of index columns including rowid */

      nByte = sizeof(Mem) * nCol + ROUND8(sizeof(UnpackedRecord));
      pRec = (UnpackedRecord*)sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, nByte);
      if( pRec ){
        pRec->pKeyInfo = sqlite3KeyInfoOfIndex(p->pParse, pIdx);

  u8 enc,                         /* Encoding to use */
  u8 aff,                         /* Affinity to use */
  sqlite3_value **ppVal,          /* Write the new value here */
  struct ValueNewStat4Ctx *pCtx   /* Second argument for valueNew() */
){
  sqlite3_context ctx;            /* Context object for function invocation */
  sqlite3_value **apVal = 0;      /* Function arguments */
  int nVal = 0;                   /* Number of function arguments */
  FuncDef *pFunc = 0;             /* Function definition */
  sqlite3_value *pVal = 0;        /* New value */
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;             /* Return code */
  ExprList *pList = 0;            /* Function arguments */
  int i;                          /* Iterator variable */

  assert( pCtx!=0 );

    p->iAddr++;
    if( p->iAddr==nOp ){
      p->iSub++;
      p->iAddr = 0;
    }

    if( pRet->p4type==P4_SUBPROGRAM ){
      i64 nByte = (1+(u64)p->nSub)*sizeof(SubProgram*);
      int j;
      for(j=0; j<p->nSub; j++){
        if( p->apSub[j]==pRet->p4.pProgram ) break;
      }
      if( j==p->nSub ){
        p->apSub = sqlite3DbReallocOrFree(v->db, p->apSub, nByte);
        if( !p->apSub ){

/*
** This routine is called after all opcodes have been inserted.  It loops
** through all the opcodes and fixes up some details.
**
** (1) For each jump instruction with a negative P2 value (a label)
**     resolve the P2 value to an actual address.
**
** (2) Compute the maximum number of arguments used by the xUpdate/xFilter
**     methods of any virtual table and store that value in *pMaxVtabArgs.
**
** (3) Update the Vdbe.readOnly and Vdbe.bIsReader flags to accurately
**     indicate what the prepared statement actually does.
**
** (4) (discontinued)
**
** (5) Reclaim the memory allocated for storing labels.
**
** This routine will only function correctly if the mkopcodeh.tcl generator
** script numbers the opcodes correctly.  Changes to this routine must be
** coordinated with changes to mkopcodeh.tcl.
*/
static void resolveP2Values(Vdbe *p, int *pMaxVtabArgs){
  int nMaxVtabArgs = *pMaxVtabArgs;
  Op *pOp;
  Parse *pParse = p->pParse;
  int *aLabel = pParse->aLabel;

  assert( pParse->db->mallocFailed==0 ); /* tag-20230419-1 */
  p->readOnly = 1;
  p->bIsReader = 0;

        }
        case OP_Init: {
          assert( pOp->p2>=0 );
          goto resolve_p2_values_loop_exit;
        }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
        case OP_VUpdate: {
          if( pOp->p2>nMaxVtabArgs ) nMaxVtabArgs = pOp->p2;
          break;
        }
        case OP_VFilter: {
          int n;
          /* The instruction immediately prior to VFilter will be an
          ** OP_Integer that sets the "argc" value for the VFilter.  See
          ** the code where OP_VFilter is generated at tag-20250207a. */
          assert( (pOp - p->aOp) >= 3 );
          assert( pOp[-1].opcode==OP_Integer );
          assert( pOp[-1].p2==pOp->p3+1 );
          n = pOp[-1].p1;
          if( n>nMaxVtabArgs ) nMaxVtabArgs = n;
          /* Fall through into the default case */
          /* no break */ deliberate_fall_through
        }
#endif
        default: {
          if( pOp->p2<0 ){
            /* The mkopcodeh.tcl script has so arranged things that the only

  }
resolve_p2_values_loop_exit:
  if( aLabel ){
    sqlite3DbNNFreeNN(p->db, pParse->aLabel);
    pParse->aLabel = 0;
  }
  pParse->nLabel = 0;
  *pMaxVtabArgs = nMaxVtabArgs;
  assert( p->bIsReader!=0 || DbMaskAllZero(p->btreeMask) );
}

#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
/*
** Check to see if a subroutine contains a jump to a location outside of
** the subroutine.  If a jump outside the subroutine is detected, add code

  int addrExplain,                /* Address of OP_Explain (or 0) */
  int addrLoop,                   /* Address of loop counter */
  int addrVisit,                  /* Address of rows visited counter */
  LogEst nEst,                    /* Estimated number of output rows */
  const char *zName               /* Name of table or index being scanned */
){
  if( IS_STMT_SCANSTATUS(p->db) ){
    i64 nByte = (1+(i64)p->nScan) * sizeof(ScanStatus);
    ScanStatus *aNew;
    aNew = (ScanStatus*)sqlite3DbRealloc(p->db, p->aScan, nByte);
    if( aNew ){
      ScanStatus *pNew = &aNew[p->nScan++];
      memset(pNew, 0, sizeof(ScanStatus));
      pNew->addrExplain = addrExplain;
      pNew->addrLoop = addrLoop;

  Vdbe *p,                       /* The VDBE */
  Parse *pParse                  /* Parsing context */
){
  sqlite3 *db;                   /* The database connection */
  int nVar;                      /* Number of parameters */
  int nMem;                      /* Number of VM memory registers */
  int nCursor;                   /* Number of cursors required */
  int nArg;                      /* Max number args to xFilter or xUpdate */
  int n;                         /* Loop counter */
  struct ReusableSpace x;        /* Reusable bulk memory */

  assert( p!=0 );
  assert( p->nOp>0 );
  assert( pParse!=0 );
  assert( p->eVdbeState==VDBE_INIT_STATE );

    if( !db->mallocFailed ){
      p->aMem = allocSpace(&x, p->aMem, nMem*sizeof(Mem));
      p->aVar = allocSpace(&x, p->aVar, nVar*sizeof(Mem));
      p->apArg = allocSpace(&x, p->apArg, nArg*sizeof(Mem*));
      p->apCsr = allocSpace(&x, p->apCsr, nCursor*sizeof(VdbeCursor*));
    }
  }
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  p->napArg = nArg;
#endif

  if( db->mallocFailed ){
    p->nVar = 0;
    p->nCursor = 0;
    p->nMem = 0;
  }else{
    p->nCursor = nCursor;

** If an OOM error occurs, NULL is returned.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE UnpackedRecord *sqlite3VdbeAllocUnpackedRecord(
  KeyInfo *pKeyInfo               /* Description of the record */
){
  UnpackedRecord *p;              /* Unpacked record to return */
  int nByte;                      /* Number of bytes required for *p */
  assert( sizeof(UnpackedRecord) + sizeof(Mem)*65536 < 0x7fffffff );
  nByte = ROUND8P(sizeof(UnpackedRecord)) + sizeof(Mem)*(pKeyInfo->nKeyField+1);
  p = (UnpackedRecord *)sqlite3DbMallocRaw(pKeyInfo->db, nByte);
  if( !p ) return 0;
  p->aMem = (Mem*)&((char*)p)[ROUND8P(sizeof(UnpackedRecord))];
  assert( pKeyInfo->aSortFlags!=0 );
  p->pKeyInfo = pKeyInfo;
  p->nField = pKeyInfo->nKeyField + 1;

    pMem = *ppValue = &p->pUnpacked->aMem[iStore];
    if( iStore>=p->pUnpacked->nField ){
      /* This occurs when the table has been extended using ALTER TABLE
      ** ADD COLUMN. The value to return is the default value of the column. */
      Column *pCol = &p->pTab->aCol[iIdx];
      if( pCol->iDflt>0 ){
        if( p->apDflt==0 ){
          int nByte;
          assert( sizeof(sqlite3_value*)*UMXV(p->pTab->nCol) < 0x7fffffff );
          nByte = sizeof(sqlite3_value*)*p->pTab->nCol;
          p->apDflt = (sqlite3_value**)sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, nByte);
          if( p->apDflt==0 ) goto preupdate_old_out;
        }
        if( p->apDflt[iIdx]==0 ){
          sqlite3_value *pVal = 0;
          Expr *pDflt;
          assert( p->pTab!=0 && IsOrdinaryTable(p->pTab) );

    /* For an UPDATE, memory cell (p->iNewReg+1+iStore) contains the required
    ** value. Make a copy of the cell contents and return a pointer to it.
    ** It is not safe to return a pointer to the memory cell itself as the
    ** caller may modify the value text encoding.
    */
    assert( p->op==SQLITE_UPDATE );
    if( !p->aNew ){
      assert( sizeof(Mem)*UMXV(p->pCsr->nField) < 0x7fffffff );
      p->aNew = (Mem *)sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, sizeof(Mem)*p->pCsr->nField);
      if( !p->aNew ){
        rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        goto preupdate_new_out;
      }
    }
    assert( iStore>=0 && iStore<p->pCsr->nField );
    pMem = &p->aNew[iStore];

  **
  ** The memory cell for cursor 0 is aMem[0]. The rest are allocated from
  ** the top of the register space.  Cursor 1 is at Mem[p->nMem-1].
  ** Cursor 2 is at Mem[p->nMem-2]. And so forth.
  */
  Mem *pMem = iCur>0 ? &p->aMem[p->nMem-iCur] : p->aMem;

  i64 nByte;
  VdbeCursor *pCx = 0;
  nByte =
      ROUND8P(sizeof(VdbeCursor)) + 2*sizeof(u32)*nField +
      (eCurType==CURTYPE_BTREE?sqlite3BtreeCursorSize():0);

  assert( iCur>=0 && iCur<p->nCursor );
  if( p->apCsr[iCur] ){ /*OPTIMIZATION-IF-FALSE*/

      sqlite3DbFreeNN(pMem->db, pMem->zMalloc);
    }
    pMem->z = pMem->zMalloc = sqlite3DbMallocRaw(pMem->db, nByte);
    if( pMem->zMalloc==0 ){
      pMem->szMalloc = 0;
      return 0;
    }
    pMem->szMalloc = (int)nByte;
  }

  p->apCsr[iCur] = pCx = (VdbeCursor*)pMem->zMalloc;
  memset(pCx, 0, offsetof(VdbeCursor,pAltCursor));
  pCx->eCurType = eCurType;
  pCx->nField = nField;
  pCx->aOffset = &pCx->aType[nField];

**
** P4 is a pointer to the VM containing the trigger program.
**
** If P5 is non-zero, then recursive program invocation is enabled.
*/
case OP_Program: {        /* jump0 */
  int nMem;               /* Number of memory registers for sub-program */
  i64 nByte;              /* Bytes of runtime space required for sub-program */
  Mem *pRt;               /* Register to allocate runtime space */
  Mem *pMem;              /* Used to iterate through memory cells */
  Mem *pEnd;              /* Last memory cell in new array */
  VdbeFrame *pFrame;      /* New vdbe frame to execute in */
  SubProgram *pProgram;   /* Sub-program to execute */
  void *t;                /* Token identifying trigger */

    */
    nMem = pProgram->nMem + pProgram->nCsr;
    assert( nMem>0 );
    if( pProgram->nCsr==0 ) nMem++;
    nByte = ROUND8(sizeof(VdbeFrame))
              + nMem * sizeof(Mem)
              + pProgram->nCsr * sizeof(VdbeCursor*)
              + (7 + (i64)pProgram->nOp)/8;
    pFrame = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, nByte);
    if( !pFrame ){
      goto no_mem;
    }
    sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(pRt);
    pRt->flags = MEM_Blob|MEM_Dyn;
    pRt->z = (char*)pFrame;
    pRt->n = (int)nByte;
    pRt->xDel = sqlite3VdbeFrameMemDel;

    pFrame->v = p;
    pFrame->nChildMem = nMem;
    pFrame->nChildCsr = pProgram->nCsr;
    pFrame->pc = (int)(pOp - aOp);
    pFrame->aMem = p->aMem;

**
** Increment a "constraint counter" by P2 (P2 may be negative or positive).
** If P1 is non-zero, the database constraint counter is incremented
** (deferred foreign key constraints). Otherwise, if P1 is zero, the
** statement counter is incremented (immediate foreign key constraints).
*/
case OP_FkCounter: {
  if( pOp->p1 ){
    db->nDeferredCons += pOp->p2;
  }else{
    if( db->flags & SQLITE_DeferFKs ){
      db->nDeferredImmCons += pOp->p2;


    }else{
      p->nFkConstraint += pOp->p2;
    }
  }
  break;
}

/* Opcode: FkIfZero P1 P2 * * *
** Synopsis: if fkctr[P1]==0 goto P2
**

  /* Grab the index number and argc parameters */
  assert( (pQuery->flags&MEM_Int)!=0 && pArgc->flags==MEM_Int );
  nArg = (int)pArgc->u.i;
  iQuery = (int)pQuery->u.i;

  /* Invoke the xFilter method */
  apArg = p->apArg;
  assert( nArg<=p->napArg );
  for(i = 0; i<nArg; i++){
    apArg[i] = &pArgc[i+1];
  }
  rc = pModule->xFilter(pVCur, iQuery, pOp->p4.z, nArg, apArg);
  sqlite3VtabImportErrmsg(p, pVtab);
  if( rc ) goto abort_due_to_error;
  res = pModule->xEof(pVCur);

  pModule = pVtab->pModule;
  nArg = pOp->p2;
  assert( pOp->p4type==P4_VTAB );
  if( ALWAYS(pModule->xUpdate) ){
    u8 vtabOnConflict = db->vtabOnConflict;
    apArg = p->apArg;
    pX = &aMem[pOp->p3];
    assert( nArg<=p->napArg );
    for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
      assert( memIsValid(pX) );
      memAboutToChange(p, pX);
      apArg[i] = pX;
      pX++;
    }
    db->vtabOnConflict = pOp->p5;

      sqlite3BtreeLeaveAll(db);
      goto blob_open_out;
    }
    pBlob->pTab = pTab;
    pBlob->zDb = db->aDb[sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTab->pSchema)].zDbSName;

    /* Now search pTab for the exact column. */

    iCol = sqlite3ColumnIndex(pTab, zColumn);



    if( iCol<0 ){
      sqlite3DbFree(db, zErr);
      zErr = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "no such column: \"%s\"", zColumn);
      rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
      sqlite3BtreeLeaveAll(db);
      goto blob_open_out;
    }

  VdbeCursor *pCsr                /* Cursor that holds the new sorter */
){
  int pgsz;                       /* Page size of main database */
  int i;                          /* Used to iterate through aTask[] */
  VdbeSorter *pSorter;            /* The new sorter */
  KeyInfo *pKeyInfo;              /* Copy of pCsr->pKeyInfo with db==0 */
  int szKeyInfo;                  /* Size of pCsr->pKeyInfo in bytes */
  i64 sz;                         /* Size of pSorter in bytes */
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
#if SQLITE_MAX_WORKER_THREADS==0
# define nWorker 0
#else
  int nWorker;
#endif

    nWorker = SORTER_MAX_MERGE_COUNT-1;
  }
#endif

  assert( pCsr->pKeyInfo );
  assert( !pCsr->isEphemeral );
  assert( pCsr->eCurType==CURTYPE_SORTER );
  assert( sizeof(KeyInfo) + UMXV(pCsr->pKeyInfo->nKeyField)*sizeof(CollSeq*)
               < 0x7fffffff );
  szKeyInfo = sizeof(KeyInfo) + (pCsr->pKeyInfo->nKeyField-1)*sizeof(CollSeq*);
  sz = sizeof(VdbeSorter) + nWorker * sizeof(SortSubtask);

  pSorter = (VdbeSorter*)sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, sz + szKeyInfo);
  pCsr->uc.pSorter = pSorter;
  if( pSorter==0 ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM_BKPT;

** nReader PmaReader inputs.
**
** nReader is automatically rounded up to the next power of two.
** nReader may not exceed SORTER_MAX_MERGE_COUNT even after rounding up.
*/
static MergeEngine *vdbeMergeEngineNew(int nReader){
  int N = 2;                      /* Smallest power of two >= nReader */
  i64 nByte;                      /* Total bytes of space to allocate */
  MergeEngine *pNew;              /* Pointer to allocated object to return */

  assert( nReader<=SORTER_MAX_MERGE_COUNT );

  while( N<nReader ) N += N;
  nByte = sizeof(MergeEngine) + N * (sizeof(int) + sizeof(PmaReader));

  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;         /* The database connection */
  SrcItem *pItem;                   /* Use for looping over pSrcList items */
  SrcItem *pMatch = 0;              /* The matching pSrcList item */
  NameContext *pTopNC = pNC;        /* First namecontext in the list */
  Schema *pSchema = 0;              /* Schema of the expression */
  int eNewExprOp = TK_COLUMN;       /* New value for pExpr->op on success */
  Table *pTab = 0;                  /* Table holding the row */

  ExprList *pFJMatch = 0;           /* Matches for FULL JOIN .. USING */
  const char *zCol = pRight->u.zToken;

  assert( pNC );     /* the name context cannot be NULL. */
  assert( zCol );    /* The Z in X.Y.Z cannot be NULL */
  assert( zDb==0 || zTab!=0 );
  assert( !ExprHasProperty(pExpr, EP_TokenOnly|EP_Reduced) );

  assert( pNC && cnt==0 );
  do{
    ExprList *pEList;
    SrcList *pSrcList = pNC->pSrcList;

    if( pSrcList ){
      for(i=0, pItem=pSrcList->a; i<pSrcList->nSrc; i++, pItem++){

        pTab = pItem->pSTab;
        assert( pTab!=0 && pTab->zName!=0 );
        assert( pTab->nCol>0 || pParse->nErr );
        assert( (int)pItem->fg.isNestedFrom == IsNestedFrom(pItem));
        if( pItem->fg.isNestedFrom ){
          /* In this case, pItem is a subquery that has been formed from a
          ** parenthesized subset of the FROM clause terms.  Example:

            if( !isValidSchemaTableName(zTab, pTab, zDb) ) continue;
          }
          assert( ExprUseYTab(pExpr) );
          if( IN_RENAME_OBJECT && pItem->zAlias ){
            sqlite3RenameTokenRemap(pParse, 0, (void*)&pExpr->y.pTab);
          }
        }
        j = sqlite3ColumnIndex(pTab, zCol);



        if( j>=0 ){
          if( cnt>0 ){
            if( pItem->fg.isUsing==0
             || sqlite3IdListIndex(pItem->u3.pUsing, zCol)<0
            ){
              /* Two or more tables have the same column name which is
              ** not joined by USING.  This is an error.  Signal as much
              ** by clearing pFJMatch and letting cnt go above 1. */
              sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pFJMatch);
              pFJMatch = 0;
            }else
            if( (pItem->fg.jointype & JT_RIGHT)==0 ){
              /* An INNER or LEFT JOIN.  Use the left-most table */
              continue;
            }else
            if( (pItem->fg.jointype & JT_LEFT)==0 ){
              /* A RIGHT JOIN.  Use the right-most table */
              cnt = 0;
              sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pFJMatch);
              pFJMatch = 0;
            }else{
              /* For a FULL JOIN, we must construct a coalesce() func */
              extendFJMatch(pParse, &pFJMatch, pMatch, pExpr->iColumn);
            }
          }
          cnt++;
          pMatch = pItem;
          /* Substitute the rowid (column -1) for the INTEGER PRIMARY KEY */
          pExpr->iColumn = j==pTab->iPKey ? -1 : (i16)j;
          if( pItem->fg.isNestedFrom ){
            sqlite3SrcItemColumnUsed(pItem, j);


          }
        }
        if( 0==cnt && VisibleRowid(pTab) ){
          /* pTab is a potential ROWID match.  Keep track of it and match
          ** the ROWID later if that seems appropriate.  (Search for "cntTab"
          ** to find related code.)  Only allow a ROWID match if there is
          ** a single ROWID match candidate.

          pExpr->iTable = EXCLUDED_TABLE_NUMBER;
        }
      }
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_UPSERT */

      if( pTab ){
        int iCol;

        pSchema = pTab->pSchema;
        cntTab++;


        iCol = sqlite3ColumnIndex(pTab, zCol);

        if( iCol>=0 ){
          if( pTab->iPKey==iCol ) iCol = -1;
        }else{



          if( sqlite3IsRowid(zCol) && VisibleRowid(pTab) ){

            iCol = -1;
          }else{
            iCol = pTab->nCol;
          }
        }
        if( iCol<pTab->nCol ){
          cnt++;
          pMatch = 0;
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_UPSERT
          if( pExpr->iTable==EXCLUDED_TABLE_NUMBER ){
            testcase( iCol==(-1) );

          pNewExpr->pRight = pPriorSelectColNew;
        }
        pNewExpr->pLeft = pPriorSelectColNew;
      }
    }
    pItem->zEName = sqlite3DbStrDup(db, pOldItem->zEName);
    pItem->fg = pOldItem->fg;

    pItem->u = pOldItem->u;
  }
  return pNew;
}

/*
** If cursors, triggers, views and subqueries are all omitted from

** of the same name.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE const char *sqlite3RowidAlias(Table *pTab){
  const char *azOpt[] = {"_ROWID_", "ROWID", "OID"};
  int ii;
  assert( VisibleRowid(pTab) );
  for(ii=0; ii<ArraySize(azOpt); ii++){





    if( sqlite3ColumnIndex(pTab, azOpt[ii])<0 ) return azOpt[ii];

  }
  return 0;
}

/*
** pX is the RHS of an IN operator.  If pX is a SELECT statement
** that can be simplified to a direct table access, then return

static char *exprINAffinity(Parse *pParse, const Expr *pExpr){
  Expr *pLeft = pExpr->pLeft;
  int nVal = sqlite3ExprVectorSize(pLeft);
  Select *pSelect = ExprUseXSelect(pExpr) ? pExpr->x.pSelect : 0;
  char *zRet;

  assert( pExpr->op==TK_IN );
  zRet = sqlite3DbMallocRaw(pParse->db, 1+(i64)nVal);
  if( zRet ){
    int i;
    for(i=0; i<nVal; i++){
      Expr *pA = sqlite3VectorFieldSubexpr(pLeft, i);
      char a = sqlite3ExprAffinity(pA);
      if( pSelect ){
        zRet[i] = sqlite3CompareAffinity(pSelect->pEList->a[i].pExpr, a);

  }
#endif

  /* Make sure the old name really is a column name in the table to be
  ** altered.  Set iCol to be the index of the column being renamed */
  zOld = sqlite3NameFromToken(db, pOld);
  if( !zOld ) goto exit_rename_column;

  iCol = sqlite3ColumnIndex(pTab, zOld);

  if( iCol<0 ){
    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "no such column: \"%T\"", pOld);
    goto exit_rename_column;
  }

  /* Ensure the schema contains no double-quoted strings */
  renameTestSchema(pParse, zDb, iSchema==1, "", 0);
  renameFixQuotes(pParse, zDb, iSchema==1);

        /* The sqlite_statN table does not exist. Create it. Note that a
        ** side-effect of the CREATE TABLE statement is to leave the rootpage
        ** of the new table in register pParse->regRoot. This is important
        ** because the OpenWrite opcode below will be needing it. */
        sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
            "CREATE TABLE %Q.%s(%s)", pDb->zDbSName, zTab, aTable[i].zCols
        );
        assert( pParse->isCreate || pParse->nErr );
        aRoot[i] = (u32)pParse->u1.cr.regRoot;
        aCreateTbl[i] = OPFLAG_P2ISREG;
      }
    }else{
      /* The table already exists. If zWhere is not NULL, delete all entries
      ** associated with the table zWhere. If zWhere is NULL, delete the
      ** entire contents of the table. */
      aRoot[i] = pStat->tnum;

  int argc,
  sqlite3_value **argv
){
  StatAccum *p;
  int nCol;                       /* Number of columns in index being sampled */
  int nKeyCol;                    /* Number of key columns */
  int nColUp;                     /* nCol rounded up for alignment */
  i64 n;                          /* Bytes of space to allocate */
  sqlite3 *db = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context);   /* Database connection */
#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4
  /* Maximum number of samples.  0 if STAT4 data is not collected */
  int mxSample = OptimizationEnabled(db,SQLITE_Stat4) ?SQLITE_STAT4_SAMPLES :0;
#endif

  /* Decode the three function arguments */

    ** hash tables.
    */
    if( db->aDb==db->aDbStatic ){
      aNew = sqlite3DbMallocRawNN(db, sizeof(db->aDb[0])*3 );
      if( aNew==0 ) return;
      memcpy(aNew, db->aDb, sizeof(db->aDb[0])*2);
    }else{
      aNew = sqlite3DbRealloc(db, db->aDb, sizeof(db->aDb[0])*(1+(i64)db->nDb));
      if( aNew==0 ) return;
    }
    db->aDb = aNew;
    pNew = &db->aDb[db->nDb];
    memset(pNew, 0, sizeof(*pNew));

    /* Open the database file. If the btree is successfully opened, use

    p = &pToplevel->aTableLock[i];
    if( p->iDb==iDb && p->iTab==iTab ){
      p->isWriteLock = (p->isWriteLock || isWriteLock);
      return;
    }
  }

  assert( pToplevel->nTableLock < 0x7fff0000 );
  nBytes = sizeof(TableLock) * (pToplevel->nTableLock+1);
  pToplevel->aTableLock =
      sqlite3DbReallocOrFree(pToplevel->db, pToplevel->aTableLock, nBytes);
  if( pToplevel->aTableLock ){
    p = &pToplevel->aTableLock[pToplevel->nTableLock++];
    p->iDb = iDb;
    p->iTab = iTab;

    v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    if( v==0 ) pParse->rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
  }
  assert( !pParse->isMultiWrite
       || sqlite3VdbeAssertMayAbort(v, pParse->mayAbort));
  if( v ){
    if( pParse->bReturning ){
      Returning *pReturning;
      int addrRewind;
      int reg;

      assert( !pParse->isCreate );
      pReturning = pParse->u1.d.pReturning;
      if( pReturning->nRetCol ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_FkCheck);
        addrRewind =
           sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_Rewind, pReturning->iRetCur);
        VdbeCoverage(v);
        reg = pReturning->iRetReg;
        for(i=0; i<pReturning->nRetCol; i++){

      for(i=0; i<pEL->nExpr; i++){
        assert( pEL->a[i].u.iConstExprReg>0 );
        sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pEL->a[i].pExpr, pEL->a[i].u.iConstExprReg);
      }
    }

    if( pParse->bReturning ){
      Returning *pRet;
      assert( !pParse->isCreate );
      pRet = pParse->u1.d.pReturning;
      if( pRet->nRetCol ){
        sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_OpenEphemeral, pRet->iRetCur, pRet->nRetCol);
      }
    }

    /* Finally, jump back to the beginning of the executable code. */
    sqlite3VdbeGoto(v, 1);

      sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_VBegin);
    }
#endif

    /* If the file format and encoding in the database have not been set,
    ** set them now.
    */
    assert( pParse->isCreate );
    reg1 = pParse->u1.cr.regRowid = ++pParse->nMem;
    reg2 = pParse->u1.cr.regRoot = ++pParse->nMem;
    reg3 = ++pParse->nMem;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_ReadCookie, iDb, reg3, BTREE_FILE_FORMAT);
    sqlite3VdbeUsesBtree(v, iDb);
    addr1 = sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_If, reg3); VdbeCoverage(v);
    fileFormat = (db->flags & SQLITE_LegacyFileFmt)!=0 ?
                  1 : SQLITE_MAX_FILE_FORMAT;
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_SetCookie, iDb, BTREE_FILE_FORMAT, fileFormat);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_SetCookie, iDb, BTREE_TEXT_ENCODING, ENC(db));
    sqlite3VdbeJumpHere(v, addr1);

    /* This just creates a place-holder record in the sqlite_schema table.
    ** The record created does not contain anything yet.  It will be replaced
    ** by the real entry in code generated at sqlite3EndTable().
    **
    ** The rowid for the new entry is left in register pParse->u1.cr.regRowid.
    ** The root page of the new table is left in reg pParse->u1.cr.regRoot.
    ** The rowid and root page number values are needed by the code that
    ** sqlite3EndTable will generate.
    */
#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
    if( isView || isVirtual ){
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, reg2);
    }else
#endif
    {
      assert( !pParse->bReturning );
      pParse->u1.cr.addrCrTab =
         sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_CreateBtree, iDb, reg2, BTREE_INTKEY);
    }
    sqlite3OpenSchemaTable(pParse, iDb);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_NewRowid, 0, reg1);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_Blob, 6, reg3, 0, nullRow, P4_STATIC);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_Insert, 0, reg3, reg1);
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_APPEND);

  }
  pParse->bReturning = 1;
  pRet = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, sizeof(*pRet));
  if( pRet==0 ){
    sqlite3ExprListDelete(db, pList);
    return;
  }
  assert( !pParse->isCreate );
  pParse->u1.d.pReturning = pRet;
  pRet->pParse = pParse;
  pRet->pReturnEL = pList;
  sqlite3ParserAddCleanup(pParse, sqlite3DeleteReturning, pRet);
  testcase( pParse->earlyCleanup );
  if( db->mallocFailed ) return;
  sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(pRet->zName), pRet->zName,
                   "sqlite_returning_%p", pParse);

SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3AddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token sName, Token sType){
  Table *p;
  int i;
  char *z;
  char *zType;
  Column *pCol;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;

  Column *aNew;
  u8 eType = COLTYPE_CUSTOM;
  u8 szEst = 1;
  char affinity = SQLITE_AFF_BLOB;

  if( (p = pParse->pNewTable)==0 ) return;
  if( p->nCol+1>db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN] ){

  z = sqlite3DbMallocRaw(db, (i64)sName.n + 1 + (i64)sType.n + (sType.n>0) );
  if( z==0 ) return;
  if( IN_RENAME_OBJECT ) sqlite3RenameTokenMap(pParse, (void*)z, &sName);
  memcpy(z, sName.z, sName.n);
  z[sName.n] = 0;
  sqlite3Dequote(z);
  if( p->nCol && sqlite3ColumnIndex(p, z)>=0 ){


    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "duplicate column name: %s", z);
    sqlite3DbFree(db, z);
    return;

  }
  aNew = sqlite3DbRealloc(db,p->aCol,((i64)p->nCol+1)*sizeof(p->aCol[0]));
  if( aNew==0 ){
    sqlite3DbFree(db, z);
    return;
  }
  p->aCol = aNew;
  pCol = &p->aCol[p->nCol];
  memset(pCol, 0, sizeof(p->aCol[0]));
  pCol->zCnName = z;
  pCol->hName = sqlite3StrIHash(z);
  sqlite3ColumnPropertiesFromName(p, pCol);

  if( sType.n==0 ){
    /* If there is no type specified, columns have the default affinity
    ** 'BLOB' with a default size of 4 bytes. */
    pCol->affinity = affinity;
    pCol->eCType = eType;

    zType = z + sqlite3Strlen30(z) + 1;
    memcpy(zType, sType.z, sType.n);
    zType[sType.n] = 0;
    sqlite3Dequote(zType);
    pCol->affinity = sqlite3AffinityType(zType, pCol);
    pCol->colFlags |= COLFLAG_HASTYPE;
  }
  if( p->nCol<=0xff ){
    u8 h = pCol->hName % sizeof(p->aHx);
    p->aHx[h] = p->nCol;
  }
  p->nCol++;
  p->nNVCol++;
  assert( pParse->isCreate );
  pParse->u1.cr.constraintName.n = 0;
}

/*
** This routine is called by the parser while in the middle of
** parsing a CREATE TABLE statement.  A "NOT NULL" constraint has
** been seen on a column.  This routine sets the notNull flag on
** the column currently under construction.

  }else{
    nTerm = pList->nExpr;
    for(i=0; i<nTerm; i++){
      Expr *pCExpr = sqlite3ExprSkipCollate(pList->a[i].pExpr);
      assert( pCExpr!=0 );
      sqlite3StringToId(pCExpr);
      if( pCExpr->op==TK_ID ){

        assert( !ExprHasProperty(pCExpr, EP_IntValue) );
        iCol = sqlite3ColumnIndex(pTab, pCExpr->u.zToken);
        if( iCol>=0 ){

          pCol = &pTab->aCol[iCol];
          makeColumnPartOfPrimaryKey(pParse, pCol);


        }
      }
    }
  }
  if( nTerm==1
   && pCol
   && pCol->eCType==COLTYPE_INTEGER

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK
  Table *pTab = pParse->pNewTable;
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  if( pTab && !IN_DECLARE_VTAB
   && !sqlite3BtreeIsReadonly(db->aDb[db->init.iDb].pBt)
  ){
    pTab->pCheck = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pTab->pCheck, pCheckExpr);
    assert( pParse->isCreate );
    if( pParse->u1.cr.constraintName.n ){
      sqlite3ExprListSetName(pParse, pTab->pCheck,
                             &pParse->u1.cr.constraintName, 1);
    }else{
      Token t;
      for(zStart++; sqlite3Isspace(zStart[0]); zStart++){}
      while( sqlite3Isspace(zEnd[-1]) ){ zEnd--; }
      t.z = zStart;
      t.n = (int)(zEnd - t.z);
      sqlite3ExprListSetName(pParse, pTab->pCheck, &t, 1);

/*
** Generate a CREATE TABLE statement appropriate for the given
** table.  Memory to hold the text of the statement is obtained
** from sqliteMalloc() and must be freed by the calling function.
*/
static char *createTableStmt(sqlite3 *db, Table *p){
  int i, k, len;
  i64 n;
  char *zStmt;
  char *zSep, *zSep2, *zEnd;
  Column *pCol;
  n = 0;
  for(pCol = p->aCol, i=0; i<p->nCol; i++, pCol++){
    n += identLength(pCol->zCnName) + 5;
  }

  }
  n += 35 + 6*p->nCol;
  zStmt = sqlite3DbMallocRaw(0, n);
  if( zStmt==0 ){
    sqlite3OomFault(db);
    return 0;
  }
  assert( n>14 && n<=0x7fffffff );
  memcpy(zStmt, "CREATE TABLE ", 13);
  k = 13;
  identPut(zStmt, &k, p->zName);
  zStmt[k++] = '(';
  for(pCol=p->aCol, i=0; i<p->nCol; i++, pCol++){
    static const char * const azType[] = {
        /* SQLITE_AFF_BLOB    */ "",
        /* SQLITE_AFF_TEXT    */ " TEXT",
        /* SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC */ " NUM",
        /* SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER */ " INT",
        /* SQLITE_AFF_REAL    */ " REAL",
        /* SQLITE_AFF_FLEXNUM */ " NUM",
    };

    const char *zType;

    len = sqlite3Strlen30(zSep);
    assert( k+len<n );
    memcpy(&zStmt[k], zSep, len);
    k += len;
    zSep = zSep2;
    identPut(zStmt, &k, pCol->zCnName);
    assert( k<n );
    assert( pCol->affinity-SQLITE_AFF_BLOB >= 0 );
    assert( pCol->affinity-SQLITE_AFF_BLOB < ArraySize(azType) );
    testcase( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_BLOB );
    testcase( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_TEXT );
    testcase( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC );
    testcase( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER );
    testcase( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_REAL );
    testcase( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_FLEXNUM );

    zType = azType[pCol->affinity - SQLITE_AFF_BLOB];
    len = sqlite3Strlen30(zType);
    assert( pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_BLOB
            || pCol->affinity==SQLITE_AFF_FLEXNUM
            || pCol->affinity==sqlite3AffinityType(zType, 0) );
    assert( k+len<n );
    memcpy(&zStmt[k], zType, len);
    k += len;
    assert( k<=n );
  }
  len = sqlite3Strlen30(zEnd);
  assert( k+len<n );
  memcpy(&zStmt[k], zEnd, len+1);
  return zStmt;
}

/*
** Resize an Index object to hold N columns total.  Return SQLITE_OK
** on success and SQLITE_NOMEM on an OOM error.
*/

    pTab->tabFlags |= TF_HasNotNull;
  }

  /* Convert the P3 operand of the OP_CreateBtree opcode from BTREE_INTKEY
  ** into BTREE_BLOBKEY.
  */
  assert( !pParse->bReturning );
  if( pParse->u1.cr.addrCrTab ){
    assert( v );
    sqlite3VdbeChangeP3(v, pParse->u1.cr.addrCrTab, BTREE_BLOBKEY);
  }

  /* Locate the PRIMARY KEY index.  Or, if this table was originally
  ** an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY table, create a new PRIMARY KEY index.
  */
  if( pTab->iPKey>=0 ){
    ExprList *pList;

      zType = "view";
      zType2 = "VIEW";
#endif
    }

    /* If this is a CREATE TABLE xx AS SELECT ..., execute the SELECT
    ** statement to populate the new table. The root-page number for the
    ** new table is in register pParse->u1.cr.regRoot.
    **
    ** Once the SELECT has been coded by sqlite3Select(), it is in a
    ** suitable state to query for the column names and types to be used
    ** by the new table.
    **
    ** A shared-cache write-lock is not required to write to the new table,
    ** as a schema-lock must have already been obtained to create it. Since

        return;
      }
      iCsr = pParse->nTab++;
      regYield = ++pParse->nMem;
      regRec = ++pParse->nMem;
      regRowid = ++pParse->nMem;
      sqlite3MayAbort(pParse);
      assert( pParse->isCreate );
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_OpenWrite, iCsr, pParse->u1.cr.regRoot, iDb);
      sqlite3VdbeChangeP5(v, OPFLAG_P2ISREG);
      addrTop = sqlite3VdbeCurrentAddr(v) + 1;
      sqlite3VdbeAddOp3(v, OP_InitCoroutine, regYield, 0, addrTop);
      if( pParse->nErr ) return;
      pSelTab = sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(pParse, pSelect, SQLITE_AFF_BLOB);
      if( pSelTab==0 ) return;
      assert( p->aCol==0 );

      );
    }

    /* A slot for the record has already been allocated in the
    ** schema table.  We just need to update that slot with all
    ** the information we've collected.
    */
    assert( pParse->isCreate );
    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
      "UPDATE %Q." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE
      " SET type='%s', name=%Q, tbl_name=%Q, rootpage=#%d, sql=%Q"
      " WHERE rowid=#%d",
      db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName,
      zType,
      p->zName,
      p->zName,
      pParse->u1.cr.regRoot,
      zStmt,
      pParse->u1.cr.regRowid
    );
    sqlite3DbFree(db, zStmt);
    sqlite3ChangeCookie(pParse, iDb);

#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINCREMENT
    /* Check to see if we need to create an sqlite_sequence table for
    ** keeping track of autoincrement keys.

SQLITE_PRIVATE Index *sqlite3AllocateIndexObject(
  sqlite3 *db,         /* Database connection */
  i16 nCol,            /* Total number of columns in the index */
  int nExtra,          /* Number of bytes of extra space to alloc */
  char **ppExtra       /* Pointer to the "extra" space */
){
  Index *p;            /* Allocated index object */
  i64 nByte;           /* Bytes of space for Index object + arrays */

  nByte = ROUND8(sizeof(Index)) +              /* Index structure  */
          ROUND8(sizeof(char*)*nCol) +         /* Index.azColl     */
          ROUND8(sizeof(LogEst)*(nCol+1) +     /* Index.aiRowLogEst   */
                 sizeof(i16)*nCol +            /* Index.aiColumn   */
                 sizeof(u8)*nCol);             /* Index.aSortOrder */
  p = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, nByte + nExtra);

  const unsigned char *z;
  const unsigned char *z2;
  int len;
  int p0type;
  i64 p1, p2;

  assert( argc==3 || argc==2 );





  p0type = sqlite3_value_type(argv[0]);
  p1 = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[1]);
  if( p0type==SQLITE_BLOB ){
    len = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]);
    z = sqlite3_value_blob(argv[0]);
    if( z==0 ) return;
    assert( len==sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[0]) );
  }else{
    z = sqlite3_value_text(argv[0]);
    if( z==0 ) return;
    len = 0;
    if( p1<0 ){
      for(z2=z; *z2; len++){
        SQLITE_SKIP_UTF8(z2);
      }
    }
  }








  if( argc==3 ){
    p2 = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[2]);
    if( p2==0 && sqlite3_value_type(argv[2])==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
  }else{
    p2 = sqlite3_context_db_handle(context)->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH];
  }
  if( p1==0 ){
#ifdef SQLITE_SUBSTR_COMPATIBILITY
    /* If SUBSTR_COMPATIBILITY is defined then substr(X,0,N) work the same as
    ** as substr(X,1,N) - it returns the first N characters of X.  This
    ** is essentially a back-out of the bug-fix in check-in [5fc125d362df4b8]
    ** from 2009-02-02 for compatibility of applications that exploited the
    ** old buggy behavior. */
    p1 = 1; /* <rdar://problem/6778339> */
#endif
    if( sqlite3_value_type(argv[1])==SQLITE_NULL ) return;
  }
  if( p1<0 ){
    p1 += len;
    if( p1<0 ){
      if( p2<0 ){
        p2 = 0;
      }else{
        p2 += p1;

  assert( zPattern==sqlite3_value_text(argv[1]) );  /* No encoding change */
  zRep = sqlite3_value_text(argv[2]);
  if( zRep==0 ) return;
  nRep = sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[2]);
  assert( zRep==sqlite3_value_text(argv[2]) );
  nOut = nStr + 1;
  assert( nOut<SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH );
  zOut = contextMalloc(context, nOut);
  if( zOut==0 ){
    return;
  }
  loopLimit = nStr - nPattern;
  cntExpand = 0;
  for(i=j=0; i<=loopLimit; i++){
    if( zStr[i]!=zPattern[0] || memcmp(&zStr[i], zPattern, nPattern) ){

){
  i64 j, k, n = 0;
  int i;
  char *z;
  for(i=0; i<argc; i++){
    n += sqlite3_value_bytes(argv[i]);
  }
  n += (argc-1)*(i64)nSep;
  z = sqlite3_malloc64(n+1);
  if( z==0 ){
    sqlite3_result_error_nomem(context);
    return;
  }
  j = 0;
  for(i=0; i<argc; i++){

  type = sqlite3_value_numeric_type(argv[0]);
  /* p is always non-NULL because sumStep() will have been called first
  ** to initialize it */
  if( ALWAYS(p) && type!=SQLITE_NULL ){
    assert( p->cnt>0 );
    p->cnt--;
    if( !p->approx ){
      if( sqlite3SubInt64(&p->iSum, sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0])) ){
        p->ovrfl = 1;
        p->approx = 1;
      }
    }else if( type==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
      i64 iVal = sqlite3_value_int64(argv[0]);
      if( iVal!=SMALLEST_INT64 ){
        kahanBabuskaNeumaierStepInt64(p, -iVal);
      }else{
        kahanBabuskaNeumaierStepInt64(p, LARGEST_INT64);
        kahanBabuskaNeumaierStepInt64(p, 1);

  ** but false positives will cause database corruption.
  */
  bIdListInOrder = (pTab->tabFlags & (TF_OOOHidden|TF_HasStored))==0;
  if( pColumn ){
    aTabColMap = sqlite3DbMallocZero(db, pTab->nCol*sizeof(int));
    if( aTabColMap==0 ) goto insert_cleanup;
    for(i=0; i<pColumn->nId; i++){
      j = sqlite3ColumnIndex(pTab, pColumn->a[i].zName);


      if( j>=0 ){

        if( aTabColMap[j]==0 ) aTabColMap[j] = i+1;
        if( i!=j ) bIdListInOrder = 0;
        if( j==pTab->iPKey ){
          ipkColumn = i;  assert( !withoutRowid );
        }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
        if( pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & (COLFLAG_STORED|COLFLAG_VIRTUAL) ){
          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
             "cannot INSERT into generated column \"%s\"",
             pTab->aCol[j].zCnName);
          goto insert_cleanup;
        }
#endif

      }else{


        if( sqlite3IsRowid(pColumn->a[i].zName) && !withoutRowid ){
          ipkColumn = i;
          bIdListInOrder = 0;
        }else{
          sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "table %S has no column named %s",
              pTabList->a, pColumn->a[i].zName);
          pParse->checkSchema = 1;

        ** initialized to NULL to avoid an uninitialized register read */
        if( tmask & TRIGGER_BEFORE ){
          sqlite3VdbeAddOp1(v, OP_SoftNull, iRegStore);
        }
        continue;
      }else if( pColumn==0 ){
        /* Hidden columns that are not explicitly named in the INSERT
        ** get their default value */
        sqlite3ExprCodeFactorable(pParse,
            sqlite3ColumnExpr(pTab, &pTab->aCol[i]),
            iRegStore);
        continue;
      }
    }
    if( pColumn ){

        if( (mask & SQLITE_WriteSchema)==0
         || (db->flags & SQLITE_Defensive)==0
        ){
          db->flags |= mask;
        }
      }else{
        db->flags &= ~mask;
        if( mask==SQLITE_DeferFKs ){
          db->nDeferredImmCons = 0;
          db->nDeferredCons = 0;
        }
        if( (mask & SQLITE_WriteSchema)!=0
         && sqlite3_stricmp(zRight, "reset")==0
        ){
          /* IMP: R-60817-01178 If the argument is "RESET" then schema
          ** writing is disabled (as with "PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF") and,
          ** in addition, the schema is reloaded. */
          sqlite3ResetAllSchemasOfConnection(db);

/*
** Return the index of a column in a table.  Return -1 if the column
** is not contained in the table.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3ColumnIndex(Table *pTab, const char *zCol){
  int i;
  u8 h;
  const Column *aCol;
  int nCol;

  h = sqlite3StrIHash(zCol);
  aCol = pTab->aCol;
  nCol = pTab->nCol;

  /* See if the aHx gives us a lucky match */
  i = pTab->aHx[h % sizeof(pTab->aHx)];
  assert( i<nCol );
  if( aCol[i].hName==h
   && sqlite3StrICmp(aCol[i].zCnName, zCol)==0
  ){
    return i;
  }

  /* No lucky match from the hash table.  Do a full search. */
  i = 0;
  while( 1 /*exit-by-break*/ ){
    if( aCol[i].hName==h
     && sqlite3StrICmp(aCol[i].zCnName, zCol)==0
    ){
      return i;
    }
    i++;
    if( i>=nCol ) break;
  }
  return -1;
}

/*
** Mark a subquery result column as having been used.
*/

      pTrig->pNext = pList;
      pList = pTrig;
    }else if( pTrig->op==TK_RETURNING ){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
      assert( pParse->db->pVtabCtx==0 );
#endif
      assert( pParse->bReturning );
      assert( !pParse->isCreate );
      assert( &(pParse->u1.d.pReturning->retTrig) == pTrig );
      pTrig->table = pTab->zName;
      pTrig->pTabSchema = pTab->pSchema;
      pTrig->pNext = pList;
      pList = pTrig;
    }
    p = sqliteHashNext(p);
  }

  assert( v!=0 );
  if( !pParse->bReturning ){
    /* This RETURNING trigger must be for a different statement as
    ** this statement lacks a RETURNING clause. */
    return;
  }
  assert( db->pParse==pParse );
  assert( !pParse->isCreate );
  pReturning = pParse->u1.d.pReturning;
  if( pTrigger != &(pReturning->retTrig) ){
    /* This RETURNING trigger is for a different statement */
    return;
  }
  memset(&sSelect, 0, sizeof(sSelect));
  memset(&sFrom, 0, sizeof(sFrom));
  sSelect.pEList = sqlite3ExprListDup(db, pReturning->pReturnEL, 0);

  sNC.pParse = &sSubParse;
  sSubParse.pTriggerTab = pTab;
  sSubParse.pToplevel = pTop;
  sSubParse.zAuthContext = pTrigger->zName;
  sSubParse.eTriggerOp = pTrigger->op;
  sSubParse.nQueryLoop = pParse->nQueryLoop;
  sSubParse.prepFlags = pParse->prepFlags;
  sSubParse.oldmask = 0;
  sSubParse.newmask = 0;

  v = sqlite3GetVdbe(&sSubParse);
  if( v ){
    VdbeComment((v, "Start: %s.%s (%s %s%s%s ON %s)",
      pTrigger->zName, onErrorText(orconf),
      (pTrigger->tr_tm==TRIGGER_BEFORE ? "BEFORE" : "AFTER"),
        (pTrigger->op==TK_UPDATE ? "UPDATE" : ""),

  ** of the UPDATE statement.  Also find the column index
  ** for each column to be updated in the pChanges array.  For each
  ** column to be updated, make sure we have authorization to change
  ** that column.
  */
  chngRowid = chngPk = 0;
  for(i=0; i<pChanges->nExpr; i++){

    /* If this is an UPDATE with a FROM clause, do not resolve expressions
    ** here. The call to sqlite3Select() below will do that. */
    if( nChangeFrom==0 && sqlite3ResolveExprNames(&sNC, pChanges->a[i].pExpr) ){
      goto update_cleanup;
    }


    j = sqlite3ColumnIndex(pTab, pChanges->a[i].zEName);
    if( j>=0 ){
      if( j==pTab->iPKey ){
        chngRowid = 1;
        pRowidExpr = pChanges->a[i].pExpr;
        iRowidExpr = i;
      }else if( pPk && (pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_PRIMKEY)!=0 ){
        chngPk = 1;
      }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_GENERATED_COLUMNS
      else if( pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_GENERATED ){
        testcase( pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_VIRTUAL );
        testcase( pTab->aCol[j].colFlags & COLFLAG_STORED );
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
           "cannot UPDATE generated column \"%s\"",
           pTab->aCol[j].zCnName);
        goto update_cleanup;
      }
#endif
      aXRef[j] = i;

    }else{


      if( pPk==0 && sqlite3IsRowid(pChanges->a[i].zEName) ){
        j = -1;
        chngRowid = 1;
        pRowidExpr = pChanges->a[i].pExpr;
        iRowidExpr = i;
      }else{
        sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "no such column: %s", pChanges->a[i].zEName);

    }
    zStmt = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE %T", &pParse->sNameToken);

    /* A slot for the record has already been allocated in the
    ** schema table.  We just need to update that slot with all
    ** the information we've collected.
    **
    ** The VM register number pParse->u1.cr.regRowid holds the rowid of an
    ** entry in the sqlite_schema table that was created for this vtab
    ** by sqlite3StartTable().
    */
    iDb = sqlite3SchemaToIndex(db, pTab->pSchema);
    assert( pParse->isCreate );
    sqlite3NestedParse(pParse,
      "UPDATE %Q." LEGACY_SCHEMA_TABLE " "
         "SET type='table', name=%Q, tbl_name=%Q, rootpage=0, sql=%Q "
       "WHERE rowid=#%d",
      db->aDb[iDb].zDbSName,
      pTab->zName,
      pTab->zName,
      zStmt,
      pParse->u1.cr.regRowid
    );
    v = sqlite3GetVdbe(pParse);
    sqlite3ChangeCookie(pParse, iDb);

    sqlite3VdbeAddOp0(v, OP_Expire);
    zWhere = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "name=%Q AND sql=%Q", pTab->zName, zStmt);
    sqlite3VdbeAddParseSchemaOp(v, iDb, zWhere, 0);

          sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, 0, pWInfo->pSelect->iOffset);
          VdbeComment((v,"Zero OFFSET counter"));
        }
      }
    }
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, pLoop->u.vtab.idxNum, iReg);
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(v, OP_Integer, nConstraint, iReg+1);
    /* The instruction immediately prior to OP_VFilter must be an OP_Integer
    ** that sets the "argc" value for xVFilter.  This is necessary for
    ** resolveP2() to work correctly.  See tag-20250207a. */
    sqlite3VdbeAddOp4(v, OP_VFilter, iCur, addrNotFound, iReg,
                      pLoop->u.vtab.idxStr,
                      pLoop->u.vtab.needFree ? P4_DYNAMIC : P4_STATIC);
    VdbeCoverage(v);
    pLoop->u.vtab.needFree = 0;
    /* An OOM inside of AddOp4(OP_VFilter) instruction above might have freed
    ** the u.vtab.idxStr.  NULL it out to prevent a use-after-free */

** implementation of a parser for the given grammar.  You might be reading
** this comment as part of the translated C-code.  Edits should be made
** to the original parse.y sources.
*/

/* #include "sqliteInt.h" */

/*
** Verify that the pParse->isCreate field is set
*/
#define ASSERT_IS_CREATE   assert(pParse->isCreate)

/*
** Disable all error recovery processing in the parser push-down
** automaton.
*/
#define YYNOERRORRECOVERY 1

/*

/*
** Disable lookaside memory allocation for objects that might be
** shared across database connections.
*/
static void disableLookaside(Parse *pParse){
  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
  pParse->disableLookaside++;
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  pParse->isCreate = 1;
#endif
  memset(&pParse->u1.cr, 0, sizeof(pParse->u1.cr));
  DisableLookaside;
}

#if !defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT) \
 && defined(SQLITE_UDL_CAPABLE_PARSER)
/*
** Issue an error message if an ORDER BY or LIMIT clause occurs on an

        break;
      case 13: /* create_table ::= createkw temp TABLE ifnotexists nm dbnm */
{
   sqlite3StartTable(pParse,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0,yymsp[-4].minor.yy502,0,0,yymsp[-2].minor.yy502);
}
        break;
      case 14: /* createkw ::= CREATE */
{
  disableLookaside(pParse);
}
        break;
      case 15: /* ifnotexists ::= */
      case 18: /* temp ::= */ yytestcase(yyruleno==18);
      case 47: /* autoinc ::= */ yytestcase(yyruleno==47);
      case 62: /* init_deferred_pred_opt ::= */ yytestcase(yyruleno==62);
      case 72: /* defer_subclause_opt ::= */ yytestcase(yyruleno==72);
      case 81: /* ifexists ::= */ yytestcase(yyruleno==81);

{
  assert( yyLookahead!=YYNOCODE );
  yymsp[1].minor.yy0 = yyLookaheadToken;
}
        break;
      case 32: /* ccons ::= CONSTRAINT nm */
      case 67: /* tcons ::= CONSTRAINT nm */ yytestcase(yyruleno==67);
{ASSERT_IS_CREATE; pParse->u1.cr.constraintName = yymsp[0].minor.yy0;}
        break;
      case 33: /* ccons ::= DEFAULT scantok term */
{sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,yymsp[0].minor.yy590,yymsp[-1].minor.yy0.z,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy0.z[yymsp[-1].minor.yy0.n]);}
        break;
      case 34: /* ccons ::= DEFAULT LP expr RP */
{sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,yymsp[-1].minor.yy590,yymsp[-2].minor.yy0.z+1,yymsp[0].minor.yy0.z);}
        break;

      case 247: /* collate ::= COLLATE ID|STRING */ yytestcase(yyruleno==247);
{yymsp[-1].minor.yy502 = 1;}
        break;
      case 64: /* init_deferred_pred_opt ::= INITIALLY IMMEDIATE */
{yymsp[-1].minor.yy502 = 0;}
        break;
      case 66: /* tconscomma ::= COMMA */
{ASSERT_IS_CREATE; pParse->u1.cr.constraintName.n = 0;}
        break;
      case 68: /* tcons ::= PRIMARY KEY LP sortlist autoinc RP onconf */
{sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,yymsp[-3].minor.yy402,yymsp[0].minor.yy502,yymsp[-2].minor.yy502,0);}
        break;
      case 69: /* tcons ::= UNIQUE LP sortlist RP onconf */
{sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,yymsp[-2].minor.yy402,yymsp[0].minor.yy502,0,0,0,0,
                                       SQLITE_IDXTYPE_UNIQUE);}

  sqlite3FinishTrigger(pParse, yymsp[-1].minor.yy319, &all);
}
        break;
      case 261: /* trigger_decl ::= temp TRIGGER ifnotexists nm dbnm trigger_time trigger_event ON fullname foreach_clause when_clause */
{
  sqlite3BeginTrigger(pParse, &yymsp[-7].minor.yy0, &yymsp[-6].minor.yy0, yymsp[-5].minor.yy502, yymsp[-4].minor.yy28.a, yymsp[-4].minor.yy28.b, yymsp[-2].minor.yy563, yymsp[0].minor.yy590, yymsp[-10].minor.yy502, yymsp[-8].minor.yy502);
  yymsp[-10].minor.yy0 = (yymsp[-6].minor.yy0.n==0?yymsp[-7].minor.yy0:yymsp[-6].minor.yy0); /*A-overwrites-T*/
#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
  assert( pParse->isCreate ); /* Set by createkw reduce action */
  pParse->isCreate = 0;       /* But, should not be set for CREATE TRIGGER */
#endif
}
        break;
      case 262: /* trigger_time ::= BEFORE|AFTER */
{ yymsp[0].minor.yy502 = yymsp[0].major; /*A-overwrites-X*/ }
        break;
      case 263: /* trigger_time ::= INSTEAD OF */
{ yymsp[-1].minor.yy502 = TK_INSTEAD;}

/*
** Set up the lookaside buffers for a database connection.
** Return SQLITE_OK on success.
** If lookaside is already active, return SQLITE_BUSY.
**
** The sz parameter is the number of bytes in each lookaside slot.
** The cnt parameter is the number of slots.  If pBuf is NULL the
** space for the lookaside memory is obtained from sqlite3_malloc()
** or similar.  If pBuf is not NULL then it is sz*cnt bytes of memory
** to use for the lookaside memory.
*/
static int setupLookaside(
  sqlite3 *db,    /* Database connection being configured */
  void *pBuf,     /* Memory to use for lookaside.  May be NULL */
  int sz,         /* Desired size of each lookaside memory slot */
  int cnt         /* Number of slots to allocate */
){
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOOKASIDE
  void *pStart;          /* Start of the lookaside buffer */
  sqlite3_int64 szAlloc; /* Total space set aside for lookaside memory */
  int nBig;              /* Number of full-size slots */
  int nSm;               /* Number smaller LOOKASIDE_SMALL-byte slots */

  if( sqlite3LookasideUsed(db,0)>0 ){
    return SQLITE_BUSY;
  }
  /* Free any existing lookaside buffer for this handle before
  ** allocating a new one so we don't have to have space for
  ** both at the same time.
  */
  if( db->lookaside.bMalloced ){
    sqlite3_free(db->lookaside.pStart);
  }
  /* The size of a lookaside slot after ROUNDDOWN8 needs to be larger
  ** than a pointer and small enough to fit in a u16.
  */
  sz = ROUNDDOWN8(sz);
  if( sz<=(int)sizeof(LookasideSlot*) ) sz = 0;
  if( sz>65528 ) sz = 65528;
  /* Count must be at least 1 to be useful, but not so large as to use
  ** more than 0x7fff0000 total bytes for lookaside. */
  if( cnt<1 ) cnt = 0;
  if( sz>0 && cnt>(0x7fff0000/sz) ) cnt = 0x7fff0000/sz;
  szAlloc = (i64)sz*(i64)cnt;
  if( szAlloc==0 ){
    sz = 0;
    pStart = 0;
  }else if( pBuf==0 ){
    sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc();
    pStart = sqlite3Malloc( szAlloc );
    sqlite3EndBenignMalloc();
    if( pStart ) szAlloc = sqlite3MallocSize(pStart);
  }else{
    pStart = pBuf;
  }
#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TWOSIZE_LOOKASIDE
  if( sz>=LOOKASIDE_SMALL*3 ){
    nBig = szAlloc/(3*LOOKASIDE_SMALL+sz);
    nSm = (szAlloc - (i64)sz*(i64)nBig)/LOOKASIDE_SMALL;
  }else if( sz>=LOOKASIDE_SMALL*2 ){
    nBig = szAlloc/(LOOKASIDE_SMALL+sz);
    nSm = (szAlloc - (i64)sz*(i64)nBig)/LOOKASIDE_SMALL;
  }else
#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_TWOSIZE_LOOKASIDE */
  if( sz>0 ){
    nBig = szAlloc/sz;
    nSm = 0;
  }else{
    nBig = nSm = 0;

    goto error_out;
  }

  /* Find the column for which info is requested */
  if( zColumnName==0 ){
    /* Query for existence of table only */
  }else{
    iCol = sqlite3ColumnIndex(pTab, zColumnName);
    if( iCol>=0 ){
      pCol = &pTab->aCol[iCol];


    }else{


      if( HasRowid(pTab) && sqlite3IsRowid(zColumnName) ){
        iCol = pTab->iPKey;
        pCol = iCol>=0 ? &pTab->aCol[iCol] : 0;
      }else{
        pTab = 0;
        goto error_out;
      }

SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Fts3MsrIncrStart(
    Fts3Table*, Fts3MultiSegReader*, int, const char*, int);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Fts3MsrIncrNext(
    Fts3Table *, Fts3MultiSegReader *, sqlite3_int64 *, char **, int *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Fts3EvalPhrasePoslist(Fts3Cursor *, Fts3Expr *, int iCol, char **);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Fts3MsrOvfl(Fts3Cursor *, Fts3MultiSegReader *, int *);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Fts3MsrIncrRestart(Fts3MultiSegReader *pCsr);
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Fts3MsrCancel(Fts3Cursor*, Fts3Expr*);

/* fts3_tokenize_vtab.c */
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Fts3InitTok(sqlite3*, Fts3Hash *, void(*xDestroy)(void*));

/* fts3_unicode2.c (functions generated by parsing unicode text files) */
#ifndef SQLITE_DISABLE_FTS3_UNICODE
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3FtsUnicodeFold(int, int);

        nDistance = nMaxUndeferred - iPrev;
      }else{
        p1 = pPhrase->doclist.pList;
        p2 = aPoslist;
        nDistance = iPrev - nMaxUndeferred;
      }

      aOut = (char *)sqlite3Fts3MallocZero(((i64)nPoslist)+FTS3_BUFFER_PADDING);
      if( !aOut ){
        sqlite3_free(aPoslist);
        return SQLITE_NOMEM;
      }

      pPhrase->doclist.pList = aOut;
      assert( p1 && p2 );

    pExpr->bEof = 0;
    pExpr->bStart = 0;

    fts3EvalRestart(pCsr, pExpr->pLeft, pRc);
    fts3EvalRestart(pCsr, pExpr->pRight, pRc);
  }
}

/*
** Expression node pExpr is an MSR phrase. This function restarts pExpr
** so that it is a regular phrase query, not an MSR. SQLITE_OK is returned
** if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE int sqlite3Fts3MsrCancel(Fts3Cursor *pCsr, Fts3Expr *pExpr){
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  if( pExpr->bEof==0 ){
    i64 iDocid = pExpr->iDocid;
    fts3EvalRestart(pCsr, pExpr, &rc);
    while( rc==SQLITE_OK && pExpr->iDocid!=iDocid ){
      fts3EvalNextRow(pCsr, pExpr, &rc);
      if( pExpr->bEof ) rc = FTS_CORRUPT_VTAB;
    }
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** After allocating the Fts3Expr.aMI[] array for each phrase in the
** expression rooted at pExpr, the cursor iterates through all rows matched
** by pExpr, calling this function for each row. This function increments
** the values in Fts3Expr.aMI[] according to the position-list currently
** found in Fts3Expr.pPhrase->doclist.pList for each of the phrase

){
  sqlite3_tokenizer *pTokenizer = pParse->pTokenizer;
  sqlite3_tokenizer_module const *pModule = pTokenizer->pModule;
  int rc;
  Fts3Expr *p = 0;
  sqlite3_tokenizer_cursor *pCursor = 0;
  char *zTemp = 0;
  i64 nTemp = 0;

  const int nSpace = sizeof(Fts3Expr) + sizeof(Fts3Phrase);
  int nToken = 0;

  /* The final Fts3Expr data structure, including the Fts3Phrase,
  ** Fts3PhraseToken structures token buffers are all stored as a single
  ** allocation so that the expression can be freed with a single call to

    pT->iOff = nTerm-iTerm-1;
    pT->pList = pList;
    pT->iPos = iPos;
  }

  return rc;
}

/*
** If expression pExpr is a phrase expression that uses an MSR query,
** restart it as a regular, non-incremental query. Return SQLITE_OK
** if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
*/
static int fts3ExprRestartIfCb(Fts3Expr *pExpr, int iPhrase, void *ctx){
  TermOffsetCtx *p = (TermOffsetCtx*)ctx;
  int rc = SQLITE_OK;
  UNUSED_PARAMETER(iPhrase);
  if( pExpr->pPhrase && pExpr->pPhrase->bIncr ){
    rc = sqlite3Fts3MsrCancel(p->pCsr, pExpr);
    pExpr->pPhrase->bIncr = 0;
  }
  return rc;
}

/*
** Implementation of offsets() function.
*/
SQLITE_PRIVATE void sqlite3Fts3Offsets(
  sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* SQLite function call context */
  Fts3Cursor *pCsr                /* Cursor object */

  sCtx.aTerm = (TermOffset *)sqlite3Fts3MallocZero(sizeof(TermOffset)*nToken);
  if( 0==sCtx.aTerm ){
    rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
    goto offsets_out;
  }
  sCtx.iDocid = pCsr->iPrevId;
  sCtx.pCsr = pCsr;

  /* If a query restart will be required, do it here, rather than later of
  ** after pointers to poslist buffers that may be invalidated by a restart
  ** have been saved.  */
  rc = sqlite3Fts3ExprIterate(pCsr->pExpr, fts3ExprRestartIfCb, (void*)&sCtx);
  if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ) goto offsets_out;

  /* Loop through the table columns, appending offset information to
  ** string-buffer res for each column.
  */
  for(iCol=0; iCol<pTab->nColumn; iCol++){
    sqlite3_tokenizer_cursor *pC; /* Tokenizer cursor */
    const char *ZDUMMY;           /* Dummy argument used with xNext() */

/*
** Expand pParse->aBlob so that it holds at least N bytes.
**
** Return the number of errors.
*/
static int jsonBlobExpand(JsonParse *pParse, u32 N){
  u8 *aNew;
  u64 t;
  assert( N>pParse->nBlobAlloc );
  if( pParse->nBlobAlloc==0 ){
    t = 100;
  }else{
    t = pParse->nBlobAlloc*2;
  }
  if( t<N ) t = N+100;
  aNew = sqlite3DbRealloc(pParse->db, pParse->aBlob, t);
  if( aNew==0 ){ pParse->oom = 1; return 1; }
  assert( t<0x7fffffff );
  pParse->aBlob = aNew;
  pParse->nBlobAlloc = (u32)t;
  return 0;
}

/*
** If pParse->aBlob is not previously editable (because it is taken
** from sqlite3_value_blob(), as indicated by the fact that
** pParse->nBlobAlloc==0 and pParse->nBlob>0) then make it editable

** payload size in to *pSz.  It returns the offset from i to the
** beginning of the payload.  Return 0 on error.
*/
static u32 jsonbPayloadSize(const JsonParse *pParse, u32 i, u32 *pSz){
  u8 x;
  u32 sz;
  u32 n;
  assert( i<=pParse->nBlob );



  x = pParse->aBlob[i]>>4;
  if( x<=11 ){
    sz = x;
    n = 1;
  }else if( x==12 ){
    if( i+1>=pParse->nBlob ){
      *pSz = 0;

    sz = (pParse->aBlob[i+5]<<24) + (pParse->aBlob[i+6]<<16) +
         (pParse->aBlob[i+7]<<8) + pParse->aBlob[i+8];
    n = 9;
  }
  if( (i64)i+sz+n > pParse->nBlob
   && (i64)i+sz+n > pParse->nBlob-pParse->delta
  ){
    *pSz = 0;
    return 0;
  }
  *pSz = sz;
  return n;
}


/*

          jsonAppendChar(pOut, '0');
        }
      }
      break;
    }
    case JSONB_TEXT:
    case JSONB_TEXTJ: {
      if( pOut->nUsed+sz+2<=pOut->nAlloc || jsonStringGrow(pOut, sz+2)==0 ){
        pOut->zBuf[pOut->nUsed] = '"';
        memcpy(pOut->zBuf+pOut->nUsed+1,(const char*)&pParse->aBlob[i+n],sz);
        pOut->zBuf[pOut->nUsed+sz+1] = '"';
        pOut->nUsed += sz+2;
      }
      break;
    }
    case JSONB_TEXT5: {
      const char *zIn;
      u32 k;
      u32 sz2 = sz;
      zIn = (const char*)&pParse->aBlob[i+n];

    case JSONB_TEXTJ: {
      /* Translate JSON formatted string into raw text */
      u32 iIn, iOut;
      const char *z;
      char *zOut;
      u32 nOut = sz;
      z = (const char*)&pParse->aBlob[i+n];
      zOut = sqlite3DbMallocRaw(db, ((u64)nOut)+1);
      if( zOut==0 ) goto returnfromblob_oom;
      for(iIn=iOut=0; iIn<sz; iIn++){
        char c = z[iIn];
        if( c=='\\' ){
          u32 v;
          u32 szEscape = jsonUnescapeOneChar(&z[iIn], sz-iIn, &v);
          if( v<=0x7f ){

  int *pRc                        /* IN/OUT: Error code */
){
  int nStr = sqlite3Strlen30(zStr)*2 + 2 + 2;
  if( 0==sessionBufferGrow(p, nStr, pRc) ){
    char *zOut = (char *)&p->aBuf[p->nBuf];
    const char *zIn = zStr;
    *zOut++ = '"';
    if( zIn!=0 ){
      while( *zIn ){
        if( *zIn=='"' ) *zOut++ = '"';
        *zOut++ = *(zIn++);
      }
    }
    *zOut++ = '"';
    p->nBuf = (int)((u8 *)zOut - p->aBuf);
    p->aBuf[p->nBuf] = 0x00;
  }
}

  u8 *aIdx = 0;
  int bLastInDoclist = 0;
  int iIdx = 0;
  int iStart = 0;
  int iDelKeyOff = 0;       /* Offset of deleted key, if any */

  nIdx = nPg-iPgIdx;
  aIdx = sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc, ((i64)nIdx)+16);
  if( p->rc ) return;
  memcpy(aIdx, &aPg[iPgIdx], nIdx);

  /* At this point segment iterator pSeg points to the entry
  ** this function should remove from the b-tree segment.
  **
  ** In detail=full or detail=column mode, pSeg->iLeafOffset is the

  sqlite3_free(aIdx);
}

/*
** This is called as part of flushing a delete to disk in 'secure-delete'
** mode. It edits the segments within the database described by argument
** pStruct to remove the entries for term zTerm, rowid iRowid.
**
** Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code if an error
** has occurred. Any error code is also stored in the Fts5Index handle.
*/
static int fts5FlushSecureDelete(
  Fts5Index *p,
  Fts5Structure *pStruct,
  const char *zTerm,
  int nTerm,
  i64 iRowid
){
  const int f = FTS5INDEX_QUERY_SKIPHASH;

    ){
      Fts5SegIter *pSeg = &pIter->aSeg[pIter->aFirst[1].iFirst];
      fts5DoSecureDelete(p, pSeg);
    }
  }

  fts5MultiIterFree(pIter);
  return p->rc;
}


/*
** Flush the contents of in-memory hash table iHash to a new level-0
** segment on disk. Also update the corresponding structure record.
**

            iRowid += iDelta;

            /* If in secure delete mode, and if this entry in the poslist is
            ** in fact a delete, then edit the existing segments directly
            ** using fts5FlushSecureDelete().  */
            if( bSecureDelete ){
              if( eDetail==FTS5_DETAIL_NONE ){
                if( iOff<nDoclist && pDoclist[iOff]==0x00
                 && !fts5FlushSecureDelete(p, pStruct, zTerm, nTerm, iRowid)
                ){
                  iOff++;
                  if( iOff<nDoclist && pDoclist[iOff]==0x00 ){
                    iOff++;
                    nDoclist = 0;
                  }else{
                    continue;
                  }
                }
              }else if( (pDoclist[iOff] & 0x01)
                && !fts5FlushSecureDelete(p, pStruct, zTerm, nTerm, iRowid)
              ){
                if( p->rc!=SQLITE_OK || pDoclist[iOff]==0x01 ){
                  iOff++;
                  continue;
                }
              }
            }

      }
      fts5StructureRef(pStruct);
      return pStruct;
    }
    assert( pStruct->aLevel[i].nMerge<=nThis );
  }

  nByte += (((i64)pStruct->nLevel)+1) * sizeof(Fts5StructureLevel);
  pNew = (Fts5Structure*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&p->rc, nByte);

  if( pNew ){
    Fts5StructureLevel *pLvl;
    nByte = nSeg * sizeof(Fts5StructureSegment);
    pNew->nLevel = MIN(pStruct->nLevel+1, FTS5_MAX_LEVEL);
    pNew->nRef = 1;

        s.xMerge(p, &s.doclist, s.nMerge, &s.aBuf[i]);
      }
      for(iFree=i; iFree<i+s.nMerge; iFree++){
        fts5BufferFree(&s.aBuf[iFree]);
      }
    }

    pData = fts5IdxMalloc(p, sizeof(*pData)
                             + ((i64)s.doclist.n)+FTS5_DATA_ZERO_PADDING);
    assert( pData!=0 || p->rc!=SQLITE_OK );
    if( pData ){
      pData->p = (u8*)&pData[1];
      pData->nn = pData->szLeaf = s.doclist.n;
      if( s.doclist.n ) memcpy(pData->p, s.doclist.p, s.doclist.n);
      fts5MultiIterNew2(p, pData, bDesc, ppIter);
    }

  iRowid = sqlite3_value_int64(apVal[0]);

  /* Make a copy of the second argument (a blob) in aBlob[]. The aBlob[]
  ** copy is followed by FTS5_DATA_ZERO_PADDING 0x00 bytes, which prevents
  ** buffer overreads even if the record is corrupt.  */
  n = sqlite3_value_bytes(apVal[1]);
  aBlob = sqlite3_value_blob(apVal[1]);
  nSpace = ((i64)n) + FTS5_DATA_ZERO_PADDING;
  a = (u8*)sqlite3Fts5MallocZero(&rc, nSpace);
  if( a==0 ) goto decode_out;
  if( n>0 ) memcpy(a, aBlob, n);

  fts5DecodeRowid(iRowid, &bTomb, &iSegid, &bDlidx, &iHeight, &iPgno);

  fts5DebugRowid(&rc, &s, iRowid);

static void fts5SourceIdFunc(
  sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Function call context */
  int nArg,                       /* Number of args */
  sqlite3_value **apUnused        /* Function arguments */
){
  assert( nArg==0 );
  UNUSED_PARAM2(nArg, apUnused);
  sqlite3_result_text(pCtx, "fts5: 2025-02-18 01:16:26 57caa3136d1bfca06e4f2285734a4977b8d3fa1f75bf87453b975867e9de38fc", -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
}

/*
** Implementation of fts5_locale(LOCALE, TEXT) function.
**
** If parameter LOCALE is NULL, or a zero-length string, then a copy of
** TEXT is returned. Otherwise, both LOCALE and TEXT are interpreted as

  bDb = (argc==6 && strlen(argv[1])==4 && memcmp("temp", argv[1], 4)==0);

  if( argc!=5 && bDb==0 ){
    *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("wrong number of vtable arguments");
    rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
  }else{
    i64 nByte;                      /* Bytes of space to allocate */
    const char *zDb = bDb ? argv[3] : argv[1];
    const char *zTab = bDb ? argv[4] : argv[3];
    const char *zType = bDb ? argv[5] : argv[4];
    i64 nDb = strlen(zDb)+1;
    i64 nTab = strlen(zTab)+1;
    int eType = 0;

    rc = fts5VocabTableType(zType, pzErr, &eType);
    if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
      assert( eType>=0 && eType<ArraySize(azSchema) );
      rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db, azSchema[eType]);
    }